Newest Articles
Calcium wakes up sleeping HSCsIn this issue of JEM, Umemoto et al. demonstrate that calcium influx stimulates mitochondrial metabolism and initiates proliferation in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Extracellular adenosine, sourced from surrounding hematopoietic progenitors, inhibits this calcium influx, thereby suppressing mitochondrial metabolism and promoting HSC quiescence. This is the first demonstration that a calcium–mitochondria pathway regulates HSC division.
miR-196b controls leukemia stem cell activityThrough functional screening of a miR-196b target network in the poor prognosis subgroup of MLL-rearranged AML, Meyer et al. reveal a therapeutically targetable Skp2/p27Kip1 regulatory axis that modulates leukemic stemness, differentiation, and survival.
T reg cells control IFN-I–driven skin inflammationStockenhuber et al. demonstrate that Foxp3+ regulatory T cells control psoriasiform skin inflammation by restraining a type I interferon (IFN-I)–driven CD8+ T cell response. The absence of T reg cells led to exacerbated inflammation, infiltration of CD8+ T cells to the epidermis, and an IFN-I gene signature in the tissue.
CRTH2 in pathogenesis of PAHTh2 response is implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH. Chen et al. demonstrate that CRTH2-mediated Th2 activation is exaggerated in patients with PAH and mouse PAH models, and pharmacological inhibition of CRTH2 attenuates experimental PAH by suppression of IL-4 and IL-13.
Regulatory function of eosinophils in infectionArnold et al. report that eosinophils in the gastrointestinal tract are conditioned by IFN-γ to restrict Th1 responses and promote tissue homeostasis. Eosinophils control Th1 cells in acute and chronic infection and in the steady state and possess bactericidal properties.
A spontaneous IgM memory subset in the mouseLe Gallou et al. use an AID fate-mapping model to identify an IgM memory population in the spleen of unimmunized mice, originating from persistent gut immune responses and endowed with cross-reactivity against bacteria.
Ca2+–mitochondria axis drives HSC divisionThe activation of Ca2+–mitochondria pathway drives cell division in hematopoietic stem cells, and the level of its activity is critical to determine cell fate after HSC division. Extracellular adenosine contributes to the regulation of Ca2+–mitochondria pathway in HSCs in vivo.
TRIMming TGF-β signals in Th17 cellsThe precise downstream mediators of TGF-β signaling in Th17 and T reg cells remain unclear. In this issue of JEM, Tanaka et al. report that Trim33 transduces TGF-β signals in Th17 cells to generate an optimal proinflammatory cytokine profile.
JDP2 oncogene in T-ALLMansour et al. demonstrate that JDP2, a bZIP transcription factor, is overexpressed in patients with high-risk T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). JDP2 initiates T-ALL in a zebrafish model and leads to steroid resistance in vivo through direct regulation of MCL1.
Mechanisms of synaptic debris clearance after CNS injuryNorris et al. show that microglia are the key phagocytes in removal of synaptic debris in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus after optic nerve injury. This microglial function is dependent on recognition of neurodegeneration and is mediated by the complement system.
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Current Issue
October 1, 2018
Volume 215, No. 10
