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In 24 h, a single intradermal injection of LPS in gp49B1-null (gp49B-/-) mice,
but not in gp49B1-sufficient (gp49B +/+) mice (top left), elicits a
severe hemorrhagic response (top right). In addition, the venules of gp49B -/-
mice have significantly more occlusive thrombi, consisting of neutrophils,
platelets, and fibrin (bottom right), than gp49B +/+ mice (bottom left).
The thrombohemorrhagic response, which is dependent on neutrophils, 2 integrins, ICAM-1,
and the blood coagulation system, resembles the local Shwartzman reaction
that in normal mice requires two exposures to LPS. Hence, gp49B1 provides protection from
pathologic inflammation induced not only through activation of mast cells by IgE of the
adaptive immune system but also in a neutrophil-dependent, innate immune response to
a bacterial product. See related article by Zhou et al., pp.
1243-1251.
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