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Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, 277-8562 Chiba, Japan

CORRESPONDENCE Naoki Matsumoto: nmatsu{at}k.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) is an inhibitory receptor expressed on subsets of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells, for which no endogenous ligands are known. Here, we show that KLRG1 binds three of the classical cadherins (E-, N-, and R-), which are ubiquitously expressed in vertebrates and mediate cell–cell adhesion by homotypic or heterotypic interactions. By expression cloning using the mouse KLRG1 tetramer as a probe, we identified human E-cadherin as a xenogeneic ligand. We also identified a syngeneic interaction between mouse KLRG1 and mouse E-cadherin. Furthermore, we show that KLRG1 binds N- and R-cadherins. Finally, we demonstrate that E-cadherin binding of KLRG1 prevents the lysis of E-cadherin–expressing targets by KLRG1⁺ NK cells. These results suggest that KLRG1 ligation by E-, N-, or R-cadherins may regulate the cytotoxicity of killer cells to prevent damage to tissues expressing the cadherins.

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