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¹ Department of Neurology and ² Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210
³ Department of Neurology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390

CORRESPONDENCE Amy E. Lovett-Racke: lovett-racke.1{at}osu.edu

The extent to which myelin-specific Th1 and Th17 cells contribute to the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is controversial. Combinations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-23 with transforming growth factor β were used to differentiate myelin-specific T cell receptor transgenic T cells into Th17 cells, none of which could induce EAE, whereas Th1 cells consistently transferred disease. However, IL-6 was found to promote the differentiation of encephalitogenic Th17 cells. Further analysis of myelin-specific T cells that were encephalitogenic in spontaneous EAE and actively induced EAE demonstrated that T-bet expression was critical for pathogenicity, regardless of cytokine expression by the encephalitogenic T cells. These data suggest that encephalitogenicity of myelin-specific T cells appears to be mediated by a pathway dependent on T-bet and not necessarily pathway-specific end products, such as interferon and IL-17.

© 2009 Yang et al.
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