The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published online
doi:10.1084/jem.20082109
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 206, No. 3, 637-653
The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $30.00
© Means et al.
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ARTICLE

 Evolutionarily conserved recognition and innate immunity to fungal pathogens by the scavenger receptors SCARF1 and CD36

Terry K. Means1,4, Eleftherios Mylonakis2, Emmanouil Tampakakis2, Richard A. Colvin1, Edward Seung1, Lindsay Puckett1, Melissa F. Tai1, Cameron R. Stewart3, Read Pukkila-Worley2, Suzanne E. Hickman1, Kathryn J. Moore3, Stephen B. Calderwood2, Nir Hacohen1,4, Andrew D. Luster1, and Joseph El Khoury1,2

1 Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129
2 Division of Infectious Diseases and 3 Lipid Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
4 Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142

CORRESPONDENCE Terry K. Means: tmeans{at}partners.org OR Joseph El Khoury: jelkhoury{at}partners.org

Receptors involved in innate immunity to fungal pathogens have not been fully elucidated. We show that the Caenorhabditis elegans receptors CED-1 and C03F11.3, and their mammalian orthologues, the scavenger receptors SCARF1 and CD36, mediate host defense against two prototypic fungal pathogens, Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. CED-1 and C03F11.1 mediated antimicrobial peptide production and were necessary for nematode survival after C. neoformans infection. SCARF1 and CD36 mediated cytokine production and were required for macrophage binding to C. neoformans, and control of the infection in mice. Binding of these pathogens to SCARF1 and CD36 was β-glucan dependent. Thus, CED-1/SCARF1 and C03F11.3/CD36 are β-glucan binding receptors and define an evolutionarily conserved pathway for the innate sensing of fungal pathogens.

Abbreviations used: abf, antibacterial factor; acLDL, acetylated low density lipoprotein; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; QPCR, quantitative real-time PCR; TLR, Toll-like receptor.

© 2009 Means et al.
This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jem.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).


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