The Journal of Experimental Medicine
IN Cell Analyzer 2000
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Published online
doi:10.1084/jem.20082429
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 205, No. 12, 2699-2701
The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $30.00
© Hafler et al.
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COMMENTARY

 TIMs: central regulators of immune responses

David A. Hafler and Vijay Kuchroo

D.A.H. and V.K. are at Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115

CORRESPONDENCE V.K.: vkuchroo{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu


ABSTRACT
Exhaustion of T cell responses during chronic viral infections has been observed in both mouse and man and has been attributed to up-regulation of PD-1 on the surface of exhausted T cells. In patients with chronic human HIV infection, T cell exhaustion leads to opportunistic infections associated with AIDS. However, not all the exhausted T cells express PD-1, suggesting that other molecules may be involved in the phenotype. A new study now demonstrates a central role for T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain–containing protein-3 (TIM-3) in T cell exhaustion during chronic HIV infection and suggests that TIM-3 may be a novel therapeutic target in chronic viral diseases.

© 2008 Hafler and Kuchroo This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.jem.org/misc/terms.shtml). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).


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