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¹ Cellular Immunology Laboratory, U543, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Avenir Group, ² Virology Laboratory, UPRES EA2387, and ³ U720, INSERM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris6, 75013 Paris, France
⁴ Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
⁵ Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DS, England, UK
⁶ Virology Laboratory, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université René Descartes-Paris5, 75015 Paris, France

CORRESPONDENCE Victor Appay: appay{at}chups.jussieu.fr

The key attributes of CD8⁺ T cell protective immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remain unclear. We report that CD8⁺ T cell responses specific for Gag and, in particular, the immunodominant p24 epitope KK10 correlate with control of HIV-1 replication in human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)–B27 patients. To understand further the nature of CD8⁺ T cell–mediated antiviral efficacy, we performed a comprehensive study of CD8⁺ T cells specific for the HLA-B27–restricted epitope KK10 in chronic HIV-1 infection based on the use of multiparametric flow cytometry together with molecular clonotypic analysis and viral sequencing. We show that B27-KK10–specific CD8⁺ T cells are characterized by polyfunctional capabilities, increased clonal turnover, and superior functional avidity. Such attributes are interlinked and constitute the basis for effective control of HIV-1 replication. These data on the features of effective CD8⁺ T cells in HIV infection may aid in the development of successful T cell vaccines.

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