The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published 17 October 2005. doi:10.1084/jem.20050911
Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $8.00
JEM, Volume 202, Number 8, 1121-1130
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ARTICLE

 Deletion of DOCK2, a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton in lymphocytes, suppresses cardiac allograft rejection

Hongsi Jiang1,2, Fan Pan1, Laurie M. Erickson1, Mei-Shiang Jang1, Terukazu Sanui3, Yuya Kunisaki3, Takehiko Sasazuki4, Masakazu Kobayashi1,2, and Yoshinori Fukui3,5

1 Astellas Research Institute of America, Inc.
2 Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201
3 Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
4 International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
5 PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan

CORRESPONDENCE Yoshinori Fukui: fukui{at}bioreg.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Allograft rejection is induced by graft tissue infiltration of alloreactive T cells that are activated mainly in secondary lymphoid organs of the host. DOCK2 plays a critical role in lymphocyte homing and immunological synapse formation by regulating the actin cytoskeleton, yet its role in the in vivo immune response remains unknown. We show here that DOCK2 deficiency enables long-term survival of cardiac allografts across a complete mismatch of the major histocompatibility complex molecules. In DOCK2-deficient mice, alloreactivity and allocytotoxicity were suppressed significantly even after in vivo priming with alloantigens, which resulted in reduced intragraft expression of effector molecules, such as interferon-{gamma}, granzyme B, and perforin. This is mediated, at least in part, by preventing potentially alloreactive T cells from recruiting into secondary lymphoid organs. In addition, we found that DOCK2 is critical for CD28-mediated Rac activation and is required for the full activation of alloreactive T cells. Although DOCK2-deficient, alloreactive T cells were activated in vitro in the presence of exogenous interleukin-2, these T cells, when transferred adoptively, failed to infiltrate into the allografts that were transplanted into RAG1-deficient mice. Thus, DOCK2 deficiency attenuates allograft rejection by simultaneously suppressing multiple and key processes. We propose that DOCK2 could be a novel molecular target for controlling transplant rejection.

Abbreviations used: B6, C57BL/6J mouse; CFSE, 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; MST, median survival time; RANTES, regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; Tac, tacrolimus.


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