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¹ Institut de Recherche Signalisation, Biologie du Développement et Cancer, UMR 6543 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Biochimie
² Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, UMR 6548 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
³ Faculté de Médecine, UMR 6549 CNRS, 06107 Nice Cedex 2, France
⁴ Service de Chirurgie Pédiatrique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U 343, Hôpital de l'Archet, 06202 Nice Cedex 3, France
⁵ Unité Interactions Cellulaires Immunologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) U 343, Hôpital de l'Archet, 06202 Nice Cedex 3, France
⁶ Etablissement Francais du Sang Alpes Méditerranée, 13009 Marseille, France

CORRESPONDENCE Gérard Ailhaud: ailhaud{at}unice.fr OR Christian Dani: dani{at}unice.fr

Here, we report the isolation of a human multipotent adipose-derived stem (hMADS) cell population from adipose tissue of young donors. hMADS cells display normal karyotype; have active telomerase; proliferate >200 population doublings; and differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and myoblasts. Flow cytometry analysis indicates that hMADS cells are CD44⁺, CD49b⁺, CD105⁺, CD90⁺, CD13⁺, Stro-1^–, CD34^–, CD15^–, CD117^–, Flk-1^–, gly-A^–, CD133^–, HLA-DR^–, and HLA-I^low. Transplantation of hMADS cells into the mdx mouse, an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, results in substantial expression of human dystrophin in the injected tibialis anterior and the adjacent gastrocnemius muscle. Long-term engraftment of hMADS cells takes place in nonimmunocompromised animals. Based on the small amounts of an easily available tissue source, their strong capacity for expansion ex vivo, their multipotent differentiation, and their immune-privileged behavior, our results suggest that hMADS cells will be an important tool for muscle cell–mediated therapy.

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