The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published 21 March 2005. doi:10.1084/jem.20042311
Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $8.00
JEM, Volume 201, Number 6, 981-991
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ARTICLE

 In vivo depletion of lung CD11c+ dendritic cells during allergen challenge abrogates the characteristic features of asthma

Leonie S. van Rijt1, Steffen Jung2, Alex KleinJan1, Nanda Vos1, Monique Willart1, Catherine Duez3, Henk C. Hoogsteden1, and Bart N. Lambrecht1

1 Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands
2 Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U416, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59019 Lille, France

CORRESPONDENCE Bart N. Lambrecht: b.lambrecht{at}erasmusmc.nl

Although dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in sensitization to inhaled allergens, their function in ongoing T helper (Th)2 cell–mediated eosinophilic airway inflammation underlying bronchial asthma is currently unknown. Here, we show in an ovalbumin (OVA)-driven murine asthma model that airway DCs acquire a mature phenotype and interact with CD4+ T cells within sites of peribronchial and perivascular inflammation. To study whether DCs contributed to inflammation, we depleted DCs from the airways of CD11c-diphtheria toxin (DT) receptor transgenic mice during the OVA aerosol challenge. Airway administration of DT depleted CD11c+ DCs and alveolar macrophages and abolished the characteristic features of asthma, including eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and bronchial hyperreactivity. In the absence of CD11c+ cells, endogenous or adoptively transferred CD4+ Th2 cells did not produce interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in response to OVA aerosol. In CD11c-depleted mice, eosinophilic inflammation and Th2 cytokine secretion were restored by adoptive transfer of CD11c+ DCs, but not alveolar macrophages. These findings identify lung DCs as key proinflammatory cells that are necessary and sufficient for Th2 cell stimulation during ongoing airway inflammation.

Abbreviations used: AHR, airway hyperresponsiveness; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; DTR, diphtheria toxin receptor; i.t., intratracheal; MLN, mediastinal LN; nTg, nonTg; Tg, transgenic.


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