The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published 6 July 2004. doi:10.1084/jem.20040035
Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007 $8.00
JEM, Volume 200, Number 1, 89-98
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*Asthma
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Essential Role of Lung Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Preventing Asthmatic Reactions to Harmless Inhaled Antigen

Hendrik Jan de Heer, Hamida Hammad, Thomas Soullié, Daniëlle Hijdra, Nanda Vos, Monique A.M. Willart, Henk C. Hoogsteden, and Bart N. Lambrecht

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands

Address correspondence to Bart N. Lambrecht, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 50, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands. Phone: 31-10-408-7703; Fax: 31-10-408-9453; email: b.lambrecht{at}erasmusmc.nl

Tolerance is the usual outcome of inhalation of harmless antigen, yet T helper (Th) type 2 cell sensitization to inhaled allergens induced by dendritic cells (DCs) is common in atopic asthma. Here, we show that both myeloid (m) and plasmacytoid (p) DCs take up inhaled antigen in the lung and present it in an immunogenic or tolerogenic form to draining node T cells. Strikingly, depletion of pDCs during inhalation of normally inert antigen led to immunoglobulin E sensitization, airway eosinophilia, goblet cell hyperplasia, and Th2 cell cytokine production, cardinal features of asthma. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of pDCs before sensitization prevented disease in a mouse asthma model. On a functional level, pDCs did not induce T cell division but suppressed the generation of effector T cells induced by mDCs. These studies show that pDCs provide intrinsic protection against inflammatory responses to harmless antigen. Therapies exploiting pDC function might be clinically effective in preventing the development of asthma.

Key Words: asthma • plasmacytoid dendritic cells • tolerance • mucosal immunity • regulatory T cell

H.J. de Heer and H. Hammad contributed equally to this work.

The online version of this article contains supplemental material.


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