Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF, 226K) PPT slides of all figures Alert me when this article is cited Citation Map Services Email this article Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new content in the JEM Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Annunziato, F. Articles by Romagnani, S. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Annunziato, F. Articles by Romagnani, S. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Phenotype, Localization, and Mechanism of Suppression of CD4⁺CD25⁺ Human Thymocytes

Francesco Annunziato¹, Lorenzo Cosmi¹, Francesco Liotta¹, Elena Lazzeri², Roberto Manetti¹, Vittorio Vanini³, Paola Romagnani², Enrico Maggi¹ and Sergio Romagnani¹

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, University Florence, Florence, Italy
² Department of Physiopathology, University Florence, Florence, Italy
³ Apuanic Pediatric Hospital, Massa Carrara 50134, Italy

Address correspondence to Sergio Romagnani, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Viale Morgagni 85, Firenze 50134, Italy. Phone: 39-055-413663; Fax: 39-055-412867; E-mail: s.romagnani{at}dmi.unifi.it

Phenotypic markers, localization, functional activities, and mechanisms of action in vitro of CD4⁺CD25⁺ T cells, purified from postnatal human thymuses, were investigated. These cells showed poor or no proliferation in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), and suppressed in a dose-dependent fashion the proliferative response to allogeneic stimulation of CD4⁺CD25^- thymocytes. Virtually all CD4⁺CD25⁺ thymocytes constitutively expressed cytoplasmic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4, surface tumor necrosis factor type 2 receptor (TNFR2), and CCR8. They prevalently localized to perivascular areas of fibrous septa and responded to the chemoattractant activity of CCL1/I-309, which was found to be produced by either thymic medullary macrophages or fibrous septa epithelial cells. After polyclonal activation, CD4⁺CD25⁺ thymocytes did not produce the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, interferon , and only a very few produced IL-10, but all they expressed on their surface CTLA-4 and the majority of them also transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß1. The suppressive activity of these cells was contact dependent and associated with the lack of IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) -chain (CD25) expression in target cells. Such a suppressive activity was partially inhibited by either anti–CTLA-4 or anti–TGF-ß1, and was completely blocked by a mixture of these monoclonal antibodies, which were also able to restore in target T cells the expression of IL-2R -chain and, therefore, their responsiveness to IL-2. These data demonstrate that CD4⁺CD25⁺ human thymocytes represent a population of regulatory cells that migrate in response to the chemokine CCL1/I-309 and exert their suppressive function via the inhibition of IL-2R -chain in target T cells, induced by the combined activity of CTLA-4 and membrane TGF-ß1.

Key Words: MLC • CCR8 • I-309 • CTLA-4 • TGF-ß1

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Guerin, L. R., Prins, J. R., Robertson, S. A. (2009). Regulatory T-cells and immune tolerance in pregnancy: a new target for infertility treatment?. Hum Reprod Update 0: dmp004v1-19 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tran, D. Q., Glass, D. D., Uzel, G., Darnell, D. A., Spalding, C., Holland, S. M., Shevach, E. M. (2009). Analysis of Adhesion Molecules, Target Cells, and Role of IL-2 in Human FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cell Suppressor Function. J. Immunol. 182: 2929-2938 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bardel, E., Larousserie, F., Charlot-Rabiega, P., Coulomb-L'Hermine, A., Devergne, O. (2008). Human CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Do Not Constitutively Express IL-35. J. Immunol. 181: 6898-6905 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jang, S., Uzelac, A., Salgame, P. (2008). Distinct chemokine and cytokine gene expression pattern of murine dendritic cells and macrophages in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J. Leukoc. Biol. 84: 1264-1270 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mira, E., Leon, B., Barber, D. F., Jimenez-Baranda, S., Goya, I., Almonacid, L., Marquez, G., Zaballos, A., Martinez-A., C., Stein, J. V., Ardavin, C., Manes, S. (2008). Statins Induce Regulatory T Cell Recruitment via a CCL1 Dependent Pathway. J. Immunol. 181: 3524-3534 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Borgogni, E., Sarchielli, E., Sottili, M., Santarlasci, V., Cosmi, L., Gelmini, S., Lombardi, A., Cantini, G., Perigli, G., Luconi, M., Vannelli, G. B., Annunziato, F., Adorini, L., Serio, M., Crescioli, C. (2008). Elocalcitol Inhibits Inflammatory Responses in Human Thyroid Cells and T Cells. Endocrinology 149: 3626-3634 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, X., Subleski, J. J., Kopf, H., Howard, O. M. Z., Mannel, D. N., Oppenheim, J. J. (2008). Cutting Edge: Expression of TNFR2 Defines a Maximally Suppressive Subset of Mouse CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T Regulatory Cells: Applicability to Tumor-Infiltrating T Regulatory Cells. J. Immunol. 180: 6467-6471 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Atanackovic, D., Altorki, N. K., Cao, Y., Ritter, E., Ferrara, C. A., Ritter, G., Hoffman, E. W., Bokemeyer, C., Old, L. J., Gnjatic, S. (2008). Booster vaccination of cancer patients with MAGE-A3 protein reveals long-term immunological memory or tolerance depending on priming. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 1650-1655 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Torcia, M. G., Santarlasci, V., Cosmi, L., Clemente, A., Maggi, L., Mangano, V. D., Verra, F., Bancone, G., Nebie, I., Sirima, B. S., Liotta, F., Frosali, F., Angeli, R., Severini, C., Sannella, A. R., Bonini, P., Lucibello, M., Maggi, E., Garaci, E., Coluzzi, M., Cozzolino, F., Annunziato, F., Romagnani, S., Modiano, D. (2008). Functional deficit of T regulatory cells in Fulani, an ethnic group with low susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 646-651 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sutmuller, R., Garritsen, A., Adema, G. J (2007). Regulatory T cells and toll-like receptors: regulating the regulators. Ann Rheum Dis 66: iii91-iii95 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Crescioli, C, Cosmi, L, Borgogni, E, Santarlasci, V, Gelmini, S, Sottili, M, Sarchielli, E, Mazzinghi, B, Francalanci, M, Pezzatini, A, Perigli, G, Vannelli, G B, Annunziato, F, Serio, M (2007). Methimazole inhibits CXC chemokine ligand 10 secretion in human thyrocytes. J Endocrinol 195: 145-155 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Annunziato, F., Cosmi, L., Santarlasci, V., Maggi, L., Liotta, F., Mazzinghi, B., Parente, E., Fili, L., Ferri, S., Frosali, F., Giudici, F., Romagnani, P., Parronchi, P., Tonelli, F., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S. (2007). Phenotypic and functional features of human Th17 cells. JEM 204: 1849-1861 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Prevosto, C., Zancolli, M., Canevali, P., Zocchi, M. R., Poggi, A. (2007). Generation of CD4+ or CD8+ regulatory T cells upon mesenchymal stem cell-lymphocyte interaction. haematol 92: 881-888 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chen, X., Baumel, M., Mannel, D. N., Howard, O. M. Z., Oppenheim, J. J. (2007). Interaction of TNF with TNF Receptor Type 2 Promotes Expansion and Function of Mouse CD4+CD25+ T Regulatory Cells. J. Immunol. 179: 154-161 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ahn, J. S., Krishnadas, D. K., Agrawal, B. (2007). Dendritic cells partially abrogate the regulatory activity of CD4+CD25+ T cells present in the human peripheral blood. Int Immunol 19: 227-237 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ralainirina, N., Poli, A., Michel, T., Poos, L., Andres, E., Hentges, F., Zimmer, J. (2007). Control of NK cell functions by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 81: 144-153 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Venturi, G. M., Conway, R. M., Steeber, D. A., Tedder, T. F. (2007). CD25+CD4+ Regulatory T Cell Migration Requires L-Selectin Expression: L-Selectin Transcriptional Regulation Balances Constitutive Receptor Turnover. J. Immunol. 178: 291-300 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lee, J. H., Kang, S. G., Kim, C. H. (2007). FoxP3+ T Cells Undergo Conventional First Switch to Lymphoid Tissue Homing Receptors in Thymus but Accelerated Second Switch to Nonlymphoid Tissue Homing Receptors in Secondary Lymphoid Tissues. J. Immunol. 178: 301-311 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hoffmann, P., Eder, R., Boeld, T. J., Doser, K., Piseshka, B., Andreesen, R., Edinger, M. (2006). Only the CD45RA+ subpopulation of CD4+CD25high T cells gives rise to homogeneous regulatory T-cell lines upon in vitro expansion. Blood 108: 4260-4267 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tuovinen, H., Salminen, J. T., Arstila, T. P. (2006). Most human thymic and peripheral-blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells express 2 T-cell receptors. Blood 108: 4063-4070 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Soler, D., Chapman, T. R., Poisson, L. R., Wang, L., Cote-Sierra, J., Ryan, M., McDonald, A., Badola, S., Fedyk, E., Coyle, A. J., Hodge, M. R., Kolbeck, R. (2006). CCR8 Expression Identifies CD4 Memory T Cells Enriched for FOXP3+ Regulatory and Th2 Effector Lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 177: 6940-6951 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lewkowicz, P., Lewkowicz, N., Sasiak, A., Tchorzewski, H. (2006). Lipopolysaccharide-Activated CD4+CD25+ T Regulatory Cells Inhibit Neutrophil Function and Promote Their Apoptosis and Death. J. Immunol. 177: 7155-7163 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nemunaitis, J., Dillman, R. O., Schwarzenberger, P. O., Senzer, N., Cunningham, C., Cutler, J., Tong, A., Kumar, P., Pappen, B., Hamilton, C., DeVol, E., Maples, P. B., Liu, L., Chamberlin, T., Shawler, D. L., Fakhrai, H. (2006). Phase II Study of Belagenpumatucel-L, a Transforming Growth Factor Beta-2 Antisense Gene-Modified Allogeneic Tumor Cell Vaccine in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. JCO 24: 4721-4730 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mahajan, D., Wang, Y., Qin, X., Wang, Y., Zheng, G., Wang, Y. M., Alexander, S. I., Harris, D. C.H. (2006). CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Protect against Injury in an Innate Murine Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 2731-2741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sagrinati, C., Netti, G. S., Mazzinghi, B., Lazzeri, E., Liotta, F., Frosali, F., Ronconi, E., Meini, C., Gacci, M., Squecco, R., Carini, M., Gesualdo, L., Francini, F., Maggi, E., Annunziato, F., Lasagni, L., Serio, M., Romagnani, S., Romagnani, P. (2006). Isolation and Characterization of Multipotent Progenitor Cells from the Bowman's Capsule of Adult Human Kidneys. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17: 2443-2456 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Oida, T., Xu, L., Weiner, H. L., Kitani, A., Strober, W. (2006). TGF-beta-Mediated Suppression by CD4+CD25+ T Cells Is Facilitated by CTLA-4 Signaling. J. Immunol. 177: 2331-2339 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wing, K., Fehervari, Z., Sakaguchi, S. (2006). Emerging possibilities in the development and function of regulatory T cells. Int Immunol 18: 991-1000 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Valencia, X., Stephens, G., Goldbach-Mansky, R., Wilson, M., Shevach, E. M., Lipsky, P. E. (2006). TNF downmodulates the function of human CD4+CD25hi T-regulatory cells. Blood 108: 253-261 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Houot, R., Perrot, I., Garcia, E., Durand, I., Lebecque, S. (2006). Human CD4+CD25high Regulatory T Cells Modulate Myeloid but Not Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Activation. J. Immunol. 176: 5293-5298 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yang, Z.-Z., Novak, A. J., Stenson, M. J., Witzig, T. E., Ansell, S. M. (2006). Intratumoral CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell-mediated suppression of infiltrating CD4+ T cells in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 107: 3639-3646 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kinjyo, I., Inoue, H., Hamano, S., Fukuyama, S., Yoshimura, T., Koga, K., Takaki, H., Himeno, K., Takaesu, G., Kobayashi, T., Yoshimura, A. (2006). Loss of SOCS3 in T helper cells resulted in reduced immune responses and hyperproduction of interleukin 10 and transforming growth factor-{beta}1. JEM 203: 1021-1031 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miyara, M., Amoura, Z., Parizot, C., Badoual, C., Dorgham, K., Trad, S., Kambouchner, M., Valeyre, D., Chapelon-Abric, C., Debre, P., Piette, J.-C., Gorochov, G. (2006). The immune paradox of sarcoidosis and regulatory T cells. JEM 203: 359-370 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Krampera, M., Cosmi, L., Angeli, R., Pasini, A., Liotta, F., Andreini, A., Santarlasci, V., Mazzinghi, B., Pizzolo, G., Vinante, F., Romagnani, P., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S., Annunziato, F. (2006). Role for Interferon-{gamma} in the Immunomodulatory Activity of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 24: 386-398 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miyara, M., Amoura, Z., Parizot, C., Badoual, C., Dorgham, K., Trad, S., Nochy, D., Debre, P., Piette, J.-C., Gorochov, G. (2005). Global Natural Regulatory T Cell Depletion in Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J. Immunol. 175: 8392-8400 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wysocki, C. A., Jiang, Q., Panoskaltsis-Mortari, A., Taylor, P. A., McKinnon, K. P., Su, L., Blazar, B. R., Serody, J. S. (2005). Critical role for CCR5 in the function of donor CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells during acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 106: 3300-3307 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ghiringhelli, F., Menard, C., Terme, M., Flament, C., Taieb, J., Chaput, N., Puig, P. E., Novault, S., Escudier, B., Vivier, E., Lecesne, A., Robert, C., Blay, J.-Y., Bernard, J., Caillat-Zucman, S., Freitas, A., Tursz, T., Wagner-Ballon, O., Capron, C., Vainchencker, W., Martin, F., Zitvogel, L. (2005). CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells inhibit natural killer cell functions in a transforming growth factor-{beta}-dependent manner. JEM 202: 1075-1085 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Romagnani, P., Annunziato, F., Liotta, F., Lazzeri, E., Mazzinghi, B., Frosali, F., Cosmi, L., Maggi, L., Lasagni, L., Scheffold, A., Kruger, M., Dimmeler, S., Marra, F., Gensini, G., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S. (2005). CD14+CD34low Cells With Stem Cell Phenotypic and Functional Features Are the Major Source of Circulating Endothelial Progenitors. Circ. Res. 97: 314-322 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Darrasse-Jeze, G., Marodon, G., Salomon, B. L., Catala, M., Klatzmann, D. (2005). Ontogeny of CD4+CD25+ regulatory/suppressor T cells in human fetuses. Blood 105: 4715-4721 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ostensen, M, Forger, F, Nelson, J L, Schuhmacher, A, Hebisch, G, Villiger, P M (2005). Pregnancy in patients with rheumatic disease: anti-inflammatory cytokines increase in pregnancy and decrease post partum. Ann Rheum Dis 64: 839-844 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Brusko, T. M., Wasserfall, C. H., Clare-Salzler, M. J., Schatz, D. A., Atkinson, M. A. (2005). Functional Defects and the Influence of Age on the Frequency of CD4+CD25+ T-Cells in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 54: 1407-1414 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marie, J. C., Letterio, J. J., Gavin, M., Rudensky, A. Y. (2005). TGF-{beta}1 maintains suppressor function and Foxp3 expression in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. JEM 201: 1061-1067 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ormandy, L. A., Hillemann, T., Wedemeyer, H., Manns, M. P., Greten, T. F., Korangy, F. (2005). Increased Populations of Regulatory T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Res. 65: 2457-2464 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Balandina, A., Lecart, S., Dartevelle, P., Saoudi, A., Berrih-Aknin, S. (2005). Functional defect of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells in the thymus of patients with autoimmune myasthenia gravis. Blood 105: 735-741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• van Bilsen, J. H. M., van Dongen, H., Lard, L. R., van der Voort, E. I. H., Elferink, D. G., Bakker, A. M., Miltenburg, A. M. M., Huizinga, T. W. J., de Vries, R. R. P., Toes, R. E. M. (2004). Functional regulatory immune responses against human cartilage glycoprotein-39 in health vs. proinflammatory responses in rheumatoid arthritis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 17180-17185 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weiss, L., Donkova-Petrini, V., Caccavelli, L., Balbo, M., Carbonneil, C., Levy, Y. (2004). Human immunodeficiency virus-driven expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells, which suppress HIV-specific CD4 T-cell responses in HIV-infected patients. Blood 104: 3249-3256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yagi, H., Nomura, T., Nakamura, K., Yamazaki, S., Kitawaki, T., Hori, S., Maeda, M., Onodera, M., Uchiyama, T., Fujii, S., Sakaguchi, S. (2004). Crucial role of FOXP3 in the development and function of human CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells. Int Immunol 16: 1643-1656 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Anderson, B. E., McNiff, J. M., Matte, C., Athanasiadis, I., Shlomchik, W. D., Shlomchik, M. J. (2004). Recipient CD4+ T cells that survive irradiation regulate chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood 104: 1565-1573 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ehrenstein, M. R., Evans, J. G., Singh, A., Moore, S., Warnes, G., Isenberg, D. A., Mauri, C. (2004). Compromised Function of Regulatory T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Reversal by Anti-TNF{alpha} Therapy. JEM 200: 277-285 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baecher-Allan, C., Hafler, D. A. (2004). Suppressor T Cells in Human Diseases. JEM 200: 273-276 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Viguier, M., Lemaitre, F., Verola, O., Cho, M.-S., Gorochov, G., Dubertret, L., Bachelez, H., Kourilsky, P., Ferradini, L. (2004). Foxp3 Expressing CD4+CD25high Regulatory T Cells Are Overrepresented in Human Metastatic Melanoma Lymph Nodes and Inhibit the Function of Infiltrating T Cells. J. Immunol. 173: 1444-1453 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sumpter, T. L., Wilkes, D. S. (2004). Role of autoimmunity in organ allograft rejection: a focus on immunity to type V collagen in the pathogenesis of lung transplant rejection. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 286: L1129-L1139 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kriegel, M. A., Lohmann, T., Gabler, C., Blank, N., Kalden, J. R., Lorenz, H.-M. (2004). Defective Suppressor Function of Human CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type II. JEM 199: 1285-1291 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schaerli, P., Ebert, L., Willimann, K., Blaser, A., Roos, R. S., Loetscher, P., Moser, B. (2004). A Skin-selective Homing Mechanism for Human Immune Surveillance T Cells. JEM 199: 1265-1275 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Torrealba, J. R., Katayama, M., Fechner, J. H. Jr., Jankowska-Gan, E., Kusaka, S., Xu, Q., Schultz, J. M., Oberley, T. D., Hu, H., Hamawy, M. M., Jonker, M., Wubben, J., Doxiadis, G., Bontrop, R., Burlingham, W. J., Knechtle, S. J. (2004). Metastable Tolerance to Rhesus Monkey Renal Transplants Is Correlated with Allograft TGF-{beta}1+CD4+ T Regulatory Cell Infiltrates. J. Immunol. 172: 5753-5764 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cosmi, L., Liotta, F., Angeli, R., Mazzinghi, B., Santarlasci, V., Manetti, R., Lasagni, L., Vanini, V., Romagnani, P., Maggi, E., Annunziato, F., Romagnani, S. (2004). Th2 cells are less susceptible than Th1 cells to the suppressive activity of CD25+ regulatory thymocytes because of their responsiveness to different cytokines. Blood 103: 3117-3121 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Munn, D. H., Sharma, M. D., Mellor, A. L. (2004). Ligation of B7-1/B7-2 by Human CD4+ T Cells Triggers Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Activity in Dendritic Cells. J. Immunol. 172: 4100-4110 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Haque, N. S., Fallon, J. T., Pan, J. J., Taubman, M. B., Harpel, P. C. (2004). Chemokine receptor-8 (CCR8) mediates human vascular smooth muscle cell chemotaxis and metalloproteinase-2 secretion. Blood 103: 1296-1304 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huehn, J., Siegmund, K., Lehmann, J. C.U., Siewert, C., Haubold, U., Feuerer, M., Debes, G. F., Lauber, J., Frey, O., Przybylski, G. K., Niesner, U., de la Rosa, M., Schmidt, C. A., Brauer, R., Buer, J., Scheffold, A., Hamann, A. (2004). Developmental Stage, Phenotype, and Migration Distinguish Naive- and Effector/Memory-like CD4+ Regulatory T Cells. JEM 199: 303-313 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, X., Koldzic, D. N., Izikson, L., Reddy, J., Nazareno, R. F., Sakaguchi, S., Kuchroo, V. K., Weiner, H. L. (2004). IL-10 is involved in the suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells. Int Immunol 16: 249-256 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nakamura, K., Kitani, A., Fuss, I., Pedersen, A., Harada, N., Nawata, H., Strober, W. (2004). TGF-{beta}1 Plays an Important Role in the Mechanism of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cell Activity in Both Humans and Mice. J. Immunol. 172: 834-842 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jonuleit, H., Schmitt, E. (2003). The Regulatory T Cell Family: Distinct Subsets and their Interrelations. J. Immunol. 171: 6323-6327 [Full Text]  
• Li, J., Hu, P., Khawli, L. A., Epstein, A. L. (2003). Complete Regression of Experimental Solid Tumors by Combination LEC/chTNT-3 Immunotherapy and CD25+ T-Cell Depletion. Cancer Res. 63: 8384-8392 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cosmi, L., Liotta, F., Lazzeri, E., Francalanci, M., Angeli, R., Mazzinghi, B., Santarlasci, V., Manetti, R., Vanini, V., Romagnani, P., Maggi, E., Romagnani, S., Annunziato, F. (2003). Human CD8+CD25+ thymocytes share phenotypic and functional features with CD4+CD25+ regulatory thymocytes. Blood 102: 4107-4114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Manjili, M. H., Wang, X.-Y., Chen, X., Martin, T., Repasky, E. A., Henderson, R., Subjeck, J. R. (2003). HSP110-HER2/neu Chaperone Complex Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity Against Spontaneous Mammary Tumors in HER-2/neu Transgenic Mice. J. Immunol. 171: 4054-4061 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Green, E. A., Gorelik, L., McGregor, C. M., Tran, E. H., Flavell, R. A. (2003). CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells control anti-islet CD8+ T cells through TGF-{beta}-TGF-{beta} receptor interactions in type 1 diabetes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 10878-10883 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jiang, S., Camara, N., Lombardi, G., Lechler, R. I. (2003). Induction of allopeptide-specific human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells ex vivo. Blood 102: 2180-2186 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mizobuchi, T., Yasufuku, K., Zheng, Y., Haque, M. A., Heidler, K. M., Woods, K., Smith, G. N. Jr., Cummings, O. W., Fujisawa, T., Blum, J. S., Wilkes, D. S. (2003). Differential Expression of Smad7 Transcripts Identifies the CD4+CD45RChigh Regulatory T Cells That Mediate Type V Collagen-Induced Tolerance to Lung Allografts. J. Immunol. 171: 1140-1147 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Parekh, V. V., Prasad, D. V. R., Banerjee, P. P., Joshi, B. N., Kumar, A., Mishra, G. C. (2003). B Cells Activated by Lipopolysaccharide, But Not By Anti-Ig and Anti-CD40 Antibody, Induce Anergy in CD8+ T Cells: Role of TGF-{beta}1. J. Immunol. 170: 5897-5911 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Grundstrom, S., Cederbom, L., Sundstedt, A., Scheipers, P., Ivars, F. (2003). Superantigen-Induced Regulatory T Cells Display Different Suppressive Functions in the Presence or Absence of Natural CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells In Vivo. J. Immunol. 170: 5008-5017 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bonder, C. S., Kubes, P. (2003). The Future of GI and Liver Research: Editorial Perspectives: II. Modulating leukocyte recruitment to splanchnic organs to reduce inflammation. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 284: G729-G733 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Miller, G., Pillarisetty, V. G., Shah, A. B., Lahrs, S., DeMatteo, R. P. (2003). Murine Flt3 Ligand Expands Distinct Dendritic Cells with Both Tolerogenic and Immunogenic Properties. J. Immunol. 170: 3554-3564 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Oida, T., Zhang, X., Goto, M., Hachimura, S., Totsuka, M., Kaminogawa, S., Weiner, H. L. (2003). CD4+CD25- T Cells That Express Latency-Associated Peptide on the Surface Suppress CD4+CD45RBhigh-Induced Colitis by a TGF-{beta}-Dependent Mechanism. J. Immunol. 170: 2516-2522 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Levings, M. K., Sangregorio, R., Sartirana, C., Moschin, A. L., Battaglia, M., Orban, P. C., Roncarolo, M.-G. (2002). Human CD25+CD4+ T Suppressor Cell Clones Produce Transforming Growth Factor {beta}, but not Interleukin 10, and Are Distinct from Type 1 T Regulatory Cells. JEM 196: 1335-1346 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS