The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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Published online 9 December 2002 doi:10.1084/jem.20021515
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© Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/2002/12/1575/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 196, Number 12, December 16, 2002 1575-1584

CD1-mediated {gamma}/{delta} T Cell Maturation of Dendritic Cells

David S. Leslie1, Michael S. Vincent1, Franca M. Spada2, Hiranmoy Das1, Masahiko Sugita1, Craig T. Morita3 and Michael B. Brenner1

1 Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital at Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
2 Mohave Therapeutics, Hawthorne, NY 10532
3 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, and the Interdisciplinary Group on Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242

Address correspondence to Michael B. Brenner, Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1 Jimmy Fund Way, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 617-525-1000; Fax: 617-525-1010; E-mail: mbrenner{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Immature myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) express only low levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II but express high levels of CD1 a, b, and c antigen-presenting molecules at the cell surface. As V{delta}1+ {gamma}/{delta} T cells are the main tissue subset of {gamma}/{delta} T cells and they are known to recognize CD1c in the absence of specific foreign antigen recognition, we examined the possible interaction of these T cells with immature DCs. We show that CD1-restricted {gamma}/{delta} T cells can mediate the maturation of DCs. DC maturation required cell–cell contact and could be blocked by antibodies against CD1c. The maturation process was partially mediated by tumor necrosis factor {alpha}. Importantly, immature DCs matured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide and CD1-restricted {gamma}/{delta} T cells produced bioactive interleukin-12p70. In addition, these DCs were able to efficiently present peptide antigens to naive CD4+ T cells. CD1-restricted {gamma}/{delta} T cell recognition of immature DCs provides the human immune system with the capacity to rapidly generate a pool of mature DCs early during microbial invasion. This may be an important source of critical host signals for T helper type 1 polarization of antigen-specific naive T cells and the subsequent adaptive immune response.

Key Words: T cell antigen receptors {gamma}/{delta} • CD1 • dendritic cells • antigen-presenting cell • tumor necrosis factor


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