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Original Article |
Correspondence to: Lewis L. Lanier, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Box 0414, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0414. Tel:415-514-0829 Fax:415-476-0939
Many of the activating receptors on natural killer (NK) cells are multisubunit complexes composed of ligand-binding receptors that are noncovalently associated with membrane-bound signaling adaptor proteins, including CD3
, Fc
RI
, DAP12, and DAP10. Because the DAP10 and DAP12 genes are closely linked, expressed in NK cells, and have remarkably similar transmembrane segments, it was of interest to determine the specificity of their interactions with ligand-binding receptors and to examine their signaling properties. Despite their similarities, DAP10, DAP12, Fc
RI
, and CD3
form specific receptor complexes with their ligand-binding partners in NK cells and transfectants. The transmembrane regions of DAP10 and DAP12 are sufficient to confer specific association with their partners. Although cross-linking of either DAP10- or DAP12-associated receptors has been shown to be sufficient to trigger NK cellmediated cytotoxicity against Fc receptorbearing cells, substantial synergy was observed in the induction of cytokine production when both receptors were engaged. Activation of the Syk/ZAP70 tyrosine kinases by the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifcontaining DAP12 adaptor and of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway by the YxNM-containing DAP10 adaptor may play an important role in the stimulation of NK cells and T cells.
Key Words: DAP10, DAP12, immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif, NKG2D, natural killer cell activation
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