Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1-Dependent Leukocytic Infiltrates Are Responsible for Autoimmune Disease in Mrl-Faslpr Mice

doi:10.1084/jem.190.12.1813

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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1999/12/1813/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 190, Number 12, December 20, 1999 1813-1824

Original Article

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1–Dependent Leukocytic Infiltrates Are Responsible for Autoimmune Disease in Mrl-Fas^lpr Mice

Gregory H. Tesch^a, Stefanie Maifert^a, Andreas Schwarting^a, Barrett J. Rollins^b, and Vicki Rubin Kelley^a

^a Laboratory of Molecular Autoimmune Disease, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
^b Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115.617-525-5830617-525-5915

vkelley{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu

Infiltrating leukocytes may be responsible for autoimmune disease.We hypothesized that the chemokine monocyte chemoattractantprotein (MCP)-1 recruits macrophages and T cells into tissuesthat, in turn, are required for autoimmune disease. Using theMRL-Fas^lpr strain with spontaneous, fatal autoimmune disease,we constructed MCP-1–deficient MRL-Fas^lpr mice. In MCP-1–intactMRL-Fas^lprmice, macrophages and T cells accumulate at sites(kidney tubules, glomeruli, pulmonary bronchioli, lymph nodes)in proportion to MCP-1 expression. Deleting MCP-1 dramaticallyreduces macrophage and T cell recruitment but not proliferation,protects from kidney, lung, skin, and lymph node pathology,reduces proteinuria, and prolongs survival. Notably, serum immunoglobulin(Ig) isotypes and kidney Ig/C3 deposits are not diminished inMCP-1–deficient MRL-Fas^lpr mice, highlighting the requirementfor MCP-1–dependent leukocyte recruitment to initiateautoimmune disease. However, MCP-1–deficient mice arenot completely protected from leukocytic invasion. T cells surroundingvessels with meager MCP-1 expression remain. In addition, downstreameffector cytokines/chemokines are decreased in MCP-1–deficientmice, perhaps reflecting a reduction of cytokine-expressingleukocytes. Thus, MCP-1 promotes MRL-Fas^lpr autoimmune diseasethrough macrophage and T cell recruitment, amplified by increasinglocal cytokines/chemokines. We suggest that MCP-1 is a principaltherapeutic target with which to combat autoimmune diseases.

Key Words: mouse • kidney • lung • chemokine • gene disruption

Abbreviations used in this paper: gcs, glomerular cross sections;MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein; NSN, nephrotoxic serumnephritis; PAS, periodic acid Schiffs; PCNA, proliferating cellnuclear antigen; TECs, tubular epithelial cells.

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