The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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A correction to this article has been published: J. Exp. Med. 189 (12) 1999-2000
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1999/3/991/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 189, Number 6, March 15, 1999 991-998

Articles

Dramatic Rise in Plasma Viremia after CD8+ T Cell Depletion in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Macaques

Xia Jin*, Daniel E. Bauer*, Sarah E. Tuttleton*, Sharon Lewin*, Agegnehu Gettie*, James Blanchard{ddagger}, Craig E. Irwin*, Jeffrey T. Safrit§, John Mittler||, Leor Weinberger||, Leondios G. Kostrikis*, Linqi Zhang*, Alan S. Perelson||, and David D. Ho*

From * The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York 10016; {ddagger} Tulane Regional Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana 70433; the § Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30329; and || Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545

To determine the role of CD8+ T cells in controlling simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) replication in vivo, we examined the effect of depleting this cell population using an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, OKT8F. There was on average a 99.9% reduction of CD8 cells in peripheral blood in six infected Macaca mulatta treated with OKT8F. The apparent CD8 depletion started 1 h after antibody administration, and low CD8 levels were maintained until day 8. An increase in plasma viremia of one to three orders of magnitude was observed in five of the six macaques. The injection of a control antibody to an infected macaque did not induce a sustained viral load increase, nor did it significantly reduce the number of CD8+ T cells. These results demonstrate that CD8 cells play a crucial role in suppressing SIV replication in vivo.

Key Words: simian immunodeficiency virus • macaque • OKT8 • viremia • cytotoxic T lymphocyte

Address correspondence to David D. Ho, The Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Ave., New York, NY 10016. Phone: 212-448-5100; Fax: 212-725-1126; E-mail: dho{at}adarc.org

S. Tuttleton is a student in the Tri-Institutional M.D.-Ph.D. Program supported by National Institutes of Health Medical Scientist Training Program grant GM 07739. This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AI40387, AI42848, AI43042, and AI38573, as well as by funding from the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation and the Irene Diamond Fund.

Abbreviations used: SIV, simian immunodeficiency virus.


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