Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF, 89K) PPT slides of all figures Alert me when this article is cited Citation Map Services Email this article Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new content in the JEM Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Manici, S. Articles by Protti, M. P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Manici, S. Articles by Protti, M. P. Social Bookmarking                            What's this?

Brief Definitive Reports

Simona Manici^*,, Tiziana Sturniolo^¶, Maria Adele Imro^*,, Juergen Hammer^**, Francesco Sinigaglia^¶, Christoph Noppen, Giulio Spagnoli, Benedetta Mazzi, Matteo Bellone^*,, Paolo Dellabona^,||, and Maria Pia Protti^*,

From the ^* Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, the Cancer Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy Program, and the Laboratory of Molecular Tissue Typing and ^|| Immunochemistry Unit, Department of Biology and Technology (DIBIT), Scientific Institute H. San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; ^¶ Roche Milano Ricerche, 20132 Milan, Italy; ^** Roche Discovery Technologies, Hoffman-La Roche, Inc., Nutley, New Jersey 07110; and Departement Chirurgie, Kantonsspital, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland

In this study we used TEPITOPE, a new epitope prediction software, to identify sequence segments on the MAGE-3 protein with promiscuous binding to histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR molecules. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the identified sequences were synthesized and used to propagate CD4⁺ T cells from the blood of a healthy donor. CD4⁺ T cells strongly recognized MAGE-3_281–295 and, to a lesser extent, MAGE-3_141–155 and MAGE-3_146–160. Moreover, CD4⁺ T cells proliferated in the presence of recombinant MAGE-3 after processing and presentation by autologous antigen presenting cells, demonstrating that the MAGE-3 epitopes recognized are naturally processed. CD4⁺ T cells, mostly of the T helper 1 type, showed specific lytic activity against HLA-DR11/MAGE-3–positive melanoma cells. Cold target inhibition experiments demonstrated indeed that the CD4⁺ T cells recognized MAGE-3_281–295 in association with HLA-DR11 on melanoma cells. This is the first evidence that a tumor-specific shared antigen forms CD4⁺ T cell epitopes. Furthermore, we validated the use of algorithms for the prediction of promiscuous CD4⁺ T cell epitopes, thus opening the possibility of wide application to other tumor-associated antigens. These results have direct implications for cancer immunotherapy in the design of peptide-based vaccines with tumor-specific CD4⁺ T cell epitopes.

Key Words: MAGE-3 • CD4⁺ epitopes • melanoma • tumor vaccines • adoptive immunotherapy

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Tsuji, T., Altorki, N. K., Ritter, G., Old, L. J., Gnjatic, S. (2009). Characterization of Preexisting MAGE-A3-Specific CD4+ T Cells in Cancer Patients and Healthy Individuals and Their Activation by Protein Vaccination. J. Immunol. 183: 4800-4808 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bioley, G., Dousset, C., Yeh, A., Dupont, B., Bhardwaj, N., Mears, G., Old, L. J., Ayyoub, M., Valmori, D. (2009). Vaccination with Recombinant NY-ESO-1 Protein Elicits Immunodominant HLA-DR52b-restricted CD4+ T Cell Responses with a Conserved T Cell Receptor Repertoire. Clin. Cancer Res. 15: 4467-4474 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Slingluff, C. L. Jr, Petroni, G. R., Olson, W., Czarkowski, A., Grosh, W. W., Smolkin, M., Chianese-Bullock, K. A., Neese, P. Y., Deacon, D. H., Nail, C., Merrill, P., Fink, R., Patterson, J. W., Rehm, P. K. (2008). Helper T-Cell Responses and Clinical Activity of a Melanoma Vaccine With Multiple Peptides From MAGE and Melanocytic Differentiation Antigens. JCO 26: 4973-4980 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goodyear, O. C., Pratt, G., McLarnon, A., Cook, M., Piper, K., Moss, P. (2008). Differential pattern of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell immunity to MAGE-A1/A2/A3 in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and multiple myeloma. Blood 112: 3362-3372 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sun, Y., Song, M., Jager, E., Schwer, C., Stevanovic, S., Flindt, S., Karbach, J., Nguyen, X. D., Schadendorf, D., Cichutek, K. (2008). Human CD4+ T Lymphocytes Recognize a Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2-Derived Epitope in Association with HLA-DR. Clin. Cancer Res. 14: 4306-4315 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Caserta, S., Alessi, P., Guarnerio, J., Basso, V., Mondino, A. (2008). Synthetic CD4+ T Cell-Targeted Antigen-Presenting Cells Elicit Protective Antitumor Responses. Cancer Res. 68: 3010-3018 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marturano, J., Longhi, R., Russo, V., Protti, M. P. (2008). Endosomal Proteases Influence the Repertoire of MAGE-A3 Epitopes Recognized In vivo by CD4+ T Cells. Cancer Res. 68: 1555-1562 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Traversari, C., Marktel, S., Magnani, Z., Mangia, P., Russo, V., Ciceri, F., Bonini, C., Bordignon, C. (2007). The potential immunogenicity of the TK suicide gene does not prevent full clinical benefit associated with the use of TK-transduced donor lymphocytes in HSCT for hematologic malignancies. Blood 109: 4708-4715 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tassi, E., Facchinetti, V., Seresini, S., Borri, A., Dell'Antonio, G., Garavaglia, C., Casorati, G., Protti, M. P. (2006). Peptidome from Renal Cell Carcinoma Contains Antigens Recognized by CD4+ T Cells and Shared among Tumors of Different Histology.. Clin. Cancer Res. 12: 4949-4957 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hong, J., Zang, Y. C. Q., Nie, H., Zhang, J. Z. (2006). CD4+ regulatory T cell responses induced by T cell vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103: 5024-5029 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Neumann, F., Wagner, C., Preuss, K.-D., Kubuschok, B., Schormann, C., Stevanovic, S., Pfreundschuh, M. (2005). Identification of an epitope derived from the cancer testis antigen HOM-TES-14/SCP1 and presented by dendritic cells to circulating CD4+ T cells. Blood 106: 3105-3113 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meiring, H. D., Kuipers, B., van Gaans-van den Brink, J. A. M., Poelen, M. C. M., Timmermans, H., Baart, G., Brugghe, H., van Schie, J., Boog, C. J. P., de Jong, A. P. J. M., van Els, C. A. C. M. (2005). Mass Tag-Assisted Identification of Naturally Processed HLA Class II-Presented Meningococcal Peptides Recognized by CD4+ T Lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 174: 5636-5643 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bonehill, A., Heirman, C., Tuyaerts, S., Michiels, A., Breckpot, K., Brasseur, F., Zhang, Y., van der Bruggen, P., Thielemans, K. (2004). Messenger RNA-Electroporated Dendritic Cells Presenting MAGE-A3 Simultaneously in HLA Class I and Class II Molecules. J. Immunol. 172: 6649-6657 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zang, Y. C. Q., Li, S., Rivera, V. M., Hong, J., Robinson, R. R., Breitbach, W. T., Killian, J., Zhang, J. Z. (2004). Increased CD8+ Cytotoxic T Cell Responses to Myelin Basic Protein in Multiple Sclerosis. J. Immunol. 172: 5120-5127 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Atanackovic, D., Altorki, N. K., Stockert, E., Williamson, B., Jungbluth, A. A., Ritter, E., Santiago, D., Ferrara, C. A., Matsuo, M., Selvakumar, A., Dupont, B., Chen, Y.-T., Hoffman, E. W., Ritter, G., Old, L. J., Gnjatic, S. (2004). Vaccine-Induced CD4+ T Cell Responses to MAGE-3 Protein in Lung Cancer Patients. J. Immunol. 172: 3289-3296 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schultz, E. S., Schuler-Thurner, B., Stroobant, V., Jenne, L., Berger, T. G., Thielemanns, K., van der Bruggen, P., Schuler, G. (2004). Functional Analysis of Tumor-Specific Th Cell Responses Detected in Melanoma Patients after Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy. J. Immunol. 172: 1304-1310 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Janssens, W., Carlier, V., Wu, B., VanderElst, L., Jacquemin, M. G., Saint-Remy, J.-M. R. (2003). CD4+CD25+ T Cells Lyse Antigen-Presenting B Cells by Fas-Fas Ligand Interaction in an Epitope-Specific Manner. J. Immunol. 171: 4604-4612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schroers, R., Shen, L., Rollins, L., Rooney, C. M., Slawin, K., Sonderstrup, G., Huang, X. F., Chen, S.-Y. (2003). Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase-Specific T-Helper Responses Induced by Promiscuous Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II-Restricted Epitopes. Clin. Cancer Res. 9: 4743-4755 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• BenMohamed, L., Bertrand, G., McNamara, C. D., Gras-Masse, H., Hammer, J., Wechsler, S. L., Nesburn, A. B. (2003). Identification of Novel Immunodominant CD4+ Th1-Type T-Cell Peptide Epitopes from Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein D That Confer Protective Immunity. J. Virol. 77: 9463-9473 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bonehill, A., Heirman, C., Tuyaerts, S., Michiels, A., Zhang, Y., van der Bruggen, P., Thielemans, K. (2003). Efficient Presentation of Known HLA Class II-restricted MAGE-A3 Epitopes by Dendritic Cells Electroporated with Messenger RNA Encoding an Invariant Chain with Genetic Exchange of Class II-associated Invariant Chain Peptide. Cancer Res. 63: 5587-5594 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schroers, R., Shen, L., Rollins, L., Xiao, Z., Sonderstrup, G., Slawin, K., Huang, X. F., Chen, S.-Y. (2003). Identification of MHC Class II-restricted T-cell Epitopes in Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen. Clin. Cancer Res. 9: 3260-3271 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, Y., Chaux, P., Stroobant, V., Eggermont, A. M. M., Corthals, J., Maillere, B., Thielemans, K., Marchand, M., Boon, T., van der Bruggen, P. (2003). A MAGE-3 Peptide Presented by HLA-DR1 to CD4+ T Cells That Were Isolated from a Melanoma Patient Vaccinated with a MAGE-3 Protein. J. Immunol. 171: 219-225 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Duan, Z., Duan, Y., Lamendola, D. E., Yusuf, R. Z., Naeem, R., Penson, R. T., Seiden, M. V. (2003). Overexpression of MAGE/GAGE Genes in Paclitaxel/Doxorubicin-resistant Human Cancer Cell Lines. Clin. Cancer Res. 9: 2778-2785 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Davila, E., Kennedy, R., Celis, E. (2003). Generation of Antitumor Immunity by Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitope Peptide Vaccination, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide Adjuvant, and CTLA-4 Blockade. Cancer Res. 63: 3281-3288 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vordermeier, M., Whelan, A. O., Hewinson, R. G. (2003). Recognition of Mycobacterial Epitopes by T Cells across Mammalian Species and Use of a Program That Predicts Human HLA-DR Binding Peptides To Predict Bovine Epitopes. Infect. Immun. 71: 1980-1987 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tatsumi, T., Kierstead, L. S., Ranieri, E., Gesualdo, L., Schena, F. P., Finke, J. H., Bukowski, R. M., Brusic, V., Sidney, J., Sette, A., Logan, T. F., Kasamon, Y. L., Slingluff, C. L. Jr., Kirkwood, J. M., Storkus, W. J. (2003). MAGE-6 Encodes HLA-DR{beta}1*0401-presented Epitopes Recognized by CD4+ T Cells from Patients with Melanoma or Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 9: 947-954 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Slager, E. H., Borghi, M., van der Minne, C. E., Aarnoudse, C. A., Havenga, M. J. E., Schrier, P. I., Osanto, S., Griffioen, M. (2003). CD4+ Th2 Cell Recognition of HLA-DR-Restricted Epitopes Derived from CAMEL: A Tumor Antigen Translated in an Alternative Open Reading Frame. J. Immunol. 170: 1490-1497 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Castelli, F. A., Buhot, C., Sanson, A., Zarour, H., Pouvelle-Moratille, S., Nonn, C., Gahery-Segard, H., Guillet, J.-G., Menez, A., Georges, B., Maillere, B. (2002). HLA-DP4, the Most Frequent HLA II Molecule, Defines a New Supertype of Peptide-Binding Specificity. J. Immunol. 169: 6928-6934 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, H., Omiya, R., Ruiz, M., Huarte, E., Sarobe, P., Lasarte, J. J., Herraiz, M., Sangro, B., Prieto, J., Borras-Cuesta, F., Celis, E. (2002). Identification of an Antigenic Epitope for Helper T Lymphocytes from Carcinoembryonic Antigen. Clin. Cancer Res. 8: 3219-3225 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dorothee, G., Vergnon, I., Menez, J., Echchakir, H., Grunenwald, D., Kubin, M., Chouaib, S., Mami-Chouaib, F. (2002). Tumor-Infiltrating CD4+ T Lymphocytes Express APO2 Ligand (APO2L)/TRAIL upon Specific Stimulation with Autologous Lung Carcinoma Cells: Role of IFN-{alpha} on APO2L/TRAIL Expression and -Mediated Cytotoxicity. J. Immunol. 169: 809-817 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Parmiani, G., Castelli, C., Dalerba, P., Mortarini, R., Rivoltini, L., Marincola, F. M., Anichini, A. (2002). Cancer Immunotherapy With Peptide-Based Vaccines: What Have We Achieved? Where Are We Going?. JNCI J Natl Cancer Inst 94: 805-818 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, H. Y., Zhou, J., Zhu, K., Riker, A. I., Marincola, F. M., Wang, R.-F. (2002). Identification of a Mutated Fibronectin As a Tumor Antigen Recognized by CD4+T Cells: Its Role in Extracellular Matrix Formation and Tumor Metastasis. JEM 195: 1397-1406 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Appay, V., Zaunders, J. J., Papagno, L., Sutton, J., Jaramillo, A., Waters, A., Easterbrook, P., Grey, P., Smith, D., McMichael, A. J., Cooper, D. A., Rowland-Jones, S. L., Kelleher, A. D. (2002). Characterization of CD4+ CTLs Ex Vivo. J. Immunol. 168: 5954-5958 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Haque, M. A., Li, P., Jackson, S. K., Zarour, H. M., Hawes, J. W., Phan, U. T., Maric, M., Cresswell, P., Blum, J. S. (2002). Absence of {gamma}-Interferon-inducible Lysosomal Thiol Reductase in Melanomas Disrupts T Cell Recognition of Select Immunodominant Epitopes. JEM 195: 1267-1277 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schroers, R., Huang, X. F., Hammer, J., Zhang, J., Chen, S.-Y. (2002). Identification of HLA DR7-restricted Epitopes from Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Recognized by CD4+ T-Helper Cells. Cancer Res. 62: 2600-2605 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Panigada, M., Sturniolo, T., Besozzi, G., Boccieri, M. G., Sinigaglia, F., Grassi, G. G., Grassi, F. (2002). Identification of a Promiscuous T-Cell Epitope in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mce Proteins. Infect. Immun. 70: 79-85 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zammatteo, N., Lockman, L., Brasseur, F., De Plaen, E., Lurquin, C., Lobert, P.-E., Hamels, S., Boon, T., Remacle, J. (2002). DNA Microarray to Monitor the Expression of MAGE-A Genes. Clin. Chem. 48: 25-34 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dai, G., Steede, N. K., Landry, S. J. (2001). Allocation of Helper T-cell Epitope Immunodominance According to Three-dimensional Structure in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Envelope Glycoprotein gp120. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 41913-41920 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, H., Lu, J., Celis, E. (2001). Identification of Helper T-Cell Epitopes That Encompass or Lie Proximal to Cytotoxic T-Cell Epitopes in the gp100 Melanoma Tumor Antigen. Cancer Res. 61: 7577-7584 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Deffrennes, V., Vedrenne, J., Stolzenberg, M.-C., Piskurich, J., Barbieri, G., Ting, J. P., Charron, D., Alcaide-Loridan, C. (2001). Constitutive Expression of MHC Class II Genes in Melanoma Cell Lines Results from the Transcription of Class II Transactivator Abnormally Initiated from Its B Cell-Specific Promoter. J. Immunol. 167: 98-106 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Golgher, D., Korangy, F., Gao, B., Gorski, K., Jaffee, E., Edidin, M., Pardoll, D. M., Elliott, T. (2001). An Immunodominant MHC Class II-Restricted Tumor Antigen Is Conformation Dependent and Binds to the Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone, Calreticulin. J. Immunol. 167: 147-155 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Toungouz, M., Libin, M., Bulte, F., Faid, L., Lehmann, F., Duriau, D., Laporte, M., Gangji, D., Bruyns, C., Lambermont, M., Goldman, M., Velu, T. (2001). Transient expansion of peptide-specific lymphocytes producing IFN-{gamma} after vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed with MAGE peptides in patients with mage-A1/A3-positive tumors. J. Leukoc. Biol. 69: 937-943 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, H., Song, Y., Hoon, D. S. B., Appella, E., Celis, E. (2001). Tumor-reactive T Helper Lymphocytes Recognize a Promiscuous MAGE-A3 Epitope Presented by Various Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Alleles. Cancer Res. 61: 4773-4778 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Matsutake, T., Srivastava, P. K. (2001). The immunoprotective MHC II epitope of a chemically induced tumor harbors a unique mutation in a ribosomal protein. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 3992-3997 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• You, Z., Hester, J., Rollins, L., Spagnoli, G. C., van der Bruggen, P., Chen, S.-Y. (2001). A Retrogen Strategy for Presentation of an Intracellular Tumor Antigen as an Exogenous Antigen by Dendritic Cells Induces Potent Antitumor T Helper and CTL Responses. Cancer Res. 61: 197-205 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schultz, E. S., Lethé, B., Cambiaso, C. L., Van Snick, J., Chaux, P., Corthals, J., Heirman, C., Thielemans, K., Boon, T., van der Bruggen, P. (2000). A MAGE-A3 Peptide Presented by HLA-DP4 Is Recognized on Tumor Cells by CD4+ Cytolytic T Lymphocytes. Cancer Res. 60: 6272-6275 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cochlovius, B., Stassar, M., Christ, O., Raddrizzani, L., Hammer, J., Mytilineos, I., Zoller, M. (2000). In Vitro and In Vivo Induction of a Th Cell Response Toward Peptides of the Melanoma-Associated Glycoprotein 100 Protein Selected by the TEPITOPE Program. J. Immunol. 165: 4731-4741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zarour, H. M., Storkus, W. J., Brusic, V., Williams, E., Kirkwood, J. M. (2000). NY-ESO-1 Encodes DRB1*0401-restricted Epitopes Recognized by Melanoma-reactive CD4+ T Cells. Cancer Res. 60: 4946-4952 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kobayashi, H., Wood, M., Song, Y., Appella, E., Celis, E. (2000). Defining Promiscuous MHC Class II Helper T-Cell Epitopes for the HER2/neu Tumor Antigen. Cancer Res. 60: 5228-5236 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zeng, G., Touloukian, C. E., Wang, X., Restifo, N. P., Rosenberg, S. A., Wang, R.-F. (2000). Identification of CD4+ T Cell Epitopes from NY-ESO-1 Presented by HLA-DR Molecules. J. Immunol. 165: 1153-1159 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Oelke, M., Moehrle, U., Chen, J.-L., Behringer, D., Cerundolo, V., Lindemann, A., Mackensen, A. (2000). Generation and Purification of CD8+ Melan-A-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes for Adoptive Transfer in Tumor Immunotherapy. Clin. Cancer Res. 6: 1997-2005 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Touloukian, C. E., Leitner, W. W., Topalian, S. L., Li, Y. F., Robbins, P. F., Rosenberg, S. A., Restifo, N. P. (2000). Identification of a MHC Class II-Restricted Human gp100 Epitope Using DR4-IE Transgenic Mice. J. Immunol. 164: 3535-3542 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baxevanis, C. N., Voutsas, I. F., Tsitsilonis, O. E., Gritzapis, A. D., Sotiriadou, R., Papamichail, M. (2000). Tumor-Specific CD4+ T Lymphocytes from Cancer Patients Are Required for Optimal Induction of Cytotoxic T Cells Against the Autologous Tumor. J. Immunol. 164: 3902-3912 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jager, E., Jager, D., Karbach, J., Chen, Y.-T., Ritter, G., Nagata, Y., Gnjatic, S., Stockert, E., Arand, M., Old, L. J., Knuth, A. (2000). Identification of Ny-Eso-1 Epitopes Presented by Human Histocompatibility Antigen (Hla)-Drb4*0101-0103 and Recognized by Cd4+T Lymphocytes of Patients with Ny-Eso-1-Expressing Melanoma. JEM 191: 625-630 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zarour, H. M., Kirkwood, J. M., Kierstead, L. S., Herr, W., Brusic, V., Slingluff, C. L. Jr., Sidney, J., Sette, A., Storkus, W. J. (2000). Melan-A/MART-151-73 represents an immunogenic HLA-DR4-restricted epitope recognized by melanoma-reactive CD4+ T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 400-405 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hohn, H., Pilch, H., Gunzel, S., Neukirch, C., Hilmes, C., Kaufmann, A., Seliger, B., Maeurer, M. J. (1999). CD4+ Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Cervical Cancer Recognize HLA-DR-Restricted Peptides Provided by Human Papillomavirus-E7. J. Immunol. 163: 5715-5722 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• de Lalla, C., Sturniolo, T., Abbruzzese, L., Hammer, J., Sidoli, A., Sinigaglia, F., Panina-Bordignon, P. (1999). Cutting Edge: Identification of Novel T Cell Epitopes in Lol p5a by Computational Prediction. J. Immunol. 163: 1725-1729 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lucas, S., Brasseur, F., Boon, T. (1999). A New MAGE Gene with Ubiquitous Expression Does Not Code for Known MAGE Antigens Recognized by T Cells. Cancer Res. 59: 4100-4103 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pardoll, D. M. (1999). Inducing autoimmune disease to treat cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 5340-5342 [Full Text]  
• Toes, R. E.M., Ossendorp, F., Offringa, R., Melief, C. J.M. (1999). CD4 T Cells and Their Role in Antitumor Immune Responses. JEM 189: 753-756 [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS