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J. Exp. Med.,
Volume 189, Number 2, January 18, 1999 301-308
By



From the * Department of Hematology and the Human minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) play an important role in the induction of
cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) reactivity against leukemia after human histocompatibility
leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). As most
mHags are not leukemia specific but are also expressed by normal tissues, antileukemia reactivity is often associated with life-threatening graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Here, we describe a novel mHag, HB-1, that elicits donor-derived CTL reactivity in a B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patient treated by HLA-matched BMT. We identified the gene
encoding the antigenic peptide recognized by HB-1-specific CTLs. Interestingly, expression of
the HB-1 gene was only observed in B-ALL cells and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cells.
The HB-1 gene-encoded peptide EEKRGSLHVW is recognized by the CTL in association
with HLA-B44. Further analysis reveals that a polymorphism in the HB-1 gene generates a single amino acid exchange from His to Tyr at position 8 within this peptide. This amino acid
substitution is critical for recognition by HB-1-specific CTLs. The restricted expression of the
polymorphic HB-1 Ag by B-ALL cells and the ability to generate HB-1-specific CTLs in vitro
using peptide-loaded dendritic cells offer novel opportunities to specifically target the immune system against B-ALL without the risk of evoking GVHD.
Department of Tumor Immunology, University
Hospital Nijmegen, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; and the § Cellular Genetics Unit and the
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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