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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1999/1/111/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 189, Number 1, January 4, 1999 111-121

Articles

Cooperative Inhibition of T-Cell Antigen Receptor Signaling by a Complex between a Kinase and a Phosphatase

Jean-François Cloutier*,{ddagger} and André Veillette*,{ddagger},§,||,¶

From the * McGill Cancer Centre and the {ddagger} Department of Medicine, the § Department of Biochemistry, and the || Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6; and the Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Montréal General Hospital, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1A4

Antigen receptor–triggered T-cell activation is mediated by the sequential action of the Src and Syk/Zap-70 families of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). Previously, we reported that another PTK termed p50csk was a potent negative regulator of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling because of its ability to inactivate Src-related kinases. This inhibitory effect required the catalytic activity of Csk, as well as its Src homology (SH)3 and SH2 domains. Subsequent studies uncovered that, via its SH3 domain, p50csk was associated with PEP, a proline-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) of unknown function expressed in hemopoietic cells. Herein, we have attempted to identify the role of the Csk-PEP complex in T lymphocytes. The results of our experiments showed that, like Csk, PEP was a strong repressor of TCR signaling. This property was dependent on the phosphatase activity of PEP, as well as on the sequence mediating its binding to p50csk. Through reconstitution experiments in Cos-1 cells, evidence was obtained that Csk and PEP act synergistically to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphorylation by Src-related kinases, and that this effect requires their association. Finally, experiments with a substrate-trapping mutant of PEP suggested that PEP functions by dephosphorylating and inactivating the PTKs responsible for T-cell activation. In addition to giving novel insights into the mechanisms involved in the negative regulation of T-cell activation, these findings indicate that the association of an inhibitory PTK with a PTP constitutes a more efficient means of inhibiting signal transduction by Src family kinases in vivo.

Key Words: T-cell activation • Csk • PEP • protein tyrosine phosphatase • protein tyrosine kinase

Address correspondence to André Veillette, Rm. 715, McIntyre Medical Sciences Bldg., McGill University, 3655 Drummond St., Montréal, Québec, Canada H3G 1Y6. Phone: 514-398-8936; Fax: 514-398-4438; E-mail: andrev{at}med.mcgill.ca

1 Abbreviations used in this paper: ITAM, Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Activation Motif; PTK, protein tyrosine kinase; PTP, protein tyrosine phosphatase; SH, Src homology.


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