J. Exp. Med., Volume 188, Number 9, November 2, 1998 1691-1703

Identification of Functional Human Splenic Memory B Cells by Expression of CD148 and CD27

By Stuart G. Tangye, Yong-Jun Liu, Gregorio Aversa, Joseph H. Phillips, and Jan E. de Vries

From the Department of Immunobiology, DNAX Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Palo Alto, California 94304

Memory B cells isolated from human tonsils are characterized by an activated cell surface phenotype, localization to mucosal epithelium, expression of somatically mutated immunoglobulin (Ig) variable (V) region genes, and a preferential differentiation into plasma cells in vitro. In spleens of both humans and rodents, a subset of memory B cells is believed to reside in the marginal zone of the white pulp. Similar to tonsil-derived memory B cells, splenic marginal zone B cells can be distinguished from naive follicular B cells by a distinct cell surface phenotype and by the presence of somatic mutations in their Ig V region genes. Although differences exist between human naive and memory B cells, no cell surface molecules have been identified that positively identify all memory B cells. In this study, we have examined the expression of the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase CD148 on human B cells. CD148⁺ B cells present in human spleen exhibited characteristics typical of memory B cells. These included an activated phenotype, localization to the marginal zone, the expression of somatically mutated Ig V region genes, and the preferential differentiation into plasma cells. In contrast, CD148 B cells appeared to be naive B cells due to localization to the mantle zone, the expression of surface antigens typical of unstimulated B cells, and the expression of unmutated Ig V region genes. Interestingly, CD148⁺ B cells also coexpressed CD27, whereas CD148 B cells were CD27. These results identify CD148 and CD27 as markers which positively identify memory B cells present in human spleen. Thus, assessing expression of these molecules may be a convenient way to monitor the development of memory B cell responses in immunocompromised individuals or in vaccine trials.

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Good, K. L., Avery, D. T., Tangye, S. G. (2009). Resting Human Memory B Cells Are Intrinsically Programmed for Enhanced Survival and Responsiveness to Diverse Stimuli Compared to Naive B Cells. J. Immunol. 182: 890-901 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hostmann, A, Jacobi, A., Mei, H, Hiepe, F, Dorner, T (2008). Peripheral B cell abnormalities and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 17: 1064-1069 [Abstract]  
• Ha, Y. J., Mun, Y.-C., Seong, C.-M., Lee, J. R. (2008). Characterization of phenotypically distinct B-cell subsets and receptor-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in human cord blood B cells. J. Leukoc. Biol. 84: 1557-1564 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Moens, L., Wuyts, M., Meyts, I., De Boeck, K., Bossuyt, X. (2008). Human Memory B Lymphocyte Subsets Fulfill Distinct Roles in the Anti-Polysaccharide and Anti-Protein Immune Response. J. Immunol. 181: 5306-5312 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Avery, D. T., Ma, C. S., Bryant, V. L., Santner-Nanan, B., Nanan, R., Wong, M., Fulcher, D. A., Cook, M. C., Tangye, S. G. (2008). STAT3 is required for IL-21-induced secretion of IgE from human naive B cells. Blood 112: 1784-1793 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ehrhardt, G. R.A., Hijikata, A., Kitamura, H., Ohara, O., Wang, J.-Y., Cooper, M. D. (2008). Discriminating gene expression profiles of memory B cell subpopulations. JEM 205: 1807-1817 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Avery, D. T., Bryant, V. L., Ma, C. S., de Waal Malefyt, R., Tangye, S. G. (2008). IL-21-Induced Isotype Switching to IgG and IgA by Human Naive B Cells Is Differentially Regulated by IL-4. J. Immunol. 181: 1767-1779 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chaganti, S., Ma, C. S., Bell, A. I., Croom-Carter, D., Hislop, A. D., Tangye, S. G., Rickinson, A. B. (2008). Epstein-Barr virus persistence in the absence of conventional memory B cells: IgM+IgD+CD27+ B cells harbor the virus in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease patients. Blood 112: 672-679 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tomayko, M. M., Anderson, S. M., Brayton, C. E., Sadanand, S., Steinel, N. C., Behrens, T. W., Shlomchik, M. J. (2008). Systematic Comparison of Gene Expression between Murine Memory and Naive B Cells Demonstrates That Memory B Cells Have Unique Signaling Capabilities. J. Immunol. 181: 27-38 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chang, N.-H., McKenzie, T., Bonventi, G., Landolt-Marticorena, C., Fortin, P. R., Gladman, D., Urowitz, M., Wither, J. E. (2008). Expanded Population of Activated Antigen-Engaged Cells within the Naive B Cell Compartment of Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J. Immunol. 180: 1276-1284 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bryant, V. L., Ma, C. S., Avery, D. T., Li, Y., Good, K. L., Corcoran, L. M., de Waal Malefyt, R., Tangye, S. G. (2007). Cytokine-Mediated Regulation of Human B Cell Differentiation into Ig-Secreting Cells: Predominant Role of IL-21 Produced by CXCR5+ T Follicular Helper Cells. J. Immunol. 179: 8180-8190 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Anderson, S. M., Tomayko, M. M., Ahuja, A., Haberman, A. M., Shlomchik, M. J. (2007). New markers for murine memory B cells that define mutated and unmutated subsets. JEM 204: 2103-2114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Good, K. L., Tangye, S. G. (2007). Decreased expression of Kruppel-like factors in memory B cells induces the rapid response typical of secondary antibody responses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 13420-13425 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tangye, S. G., Good, K. L. (2007). Human IgM+CD27+ B Cells: Memory B Cells or "Memory" B Cells?. J. Immunol. 179: 13-19 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Detkova, D., de Gracia, J., Lopes-da-Silva, S., Vendrell, M., Alvarez, A., Guarner, L., Vidaller, A., Rodrigo, M.-J., Caragol, I., Espanol, T., Hernandez, M. (2007). Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Association Between Memory B Cells and Lung Diseases. Chest 131: 1883-1889 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ettinger, R., Sims, G. P., Robbins, R., Withers, D., Fischer, R. T., Grammer, A. C., Kuchen, S., Lipsky, P. E. (2007). IL-21 and BAFF/BLyS Synergize in Stimulating Plasma Cell Differentiation from a Unique Population of Human Splenic Memory B Cells. J. Immunol. 178: 2872-2882 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Good, K. L., Bryant, V. L., Tangye, S. G. (2006). Kinetics of Human B Cell Behavior and Amplification of Proliferative Responses following Stimulation with IL-21. J. Immunol. 177: 5236-5247 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fecteau, J. F., Cote, G., Neron, S. (2006). A New Memory CD27-IgG+ B Cell Population in Peripheral Blood Expressing VH Genes with Low Frequency of Somatic Mutation. J. Immunol. 177: 3728-3736 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Racanelli, V., Frassanito, M. A., Leone, P., Galiano, M., De Re, V., Silvestris, F., Dammacco, F. (2006). Antibody Production and In Vitro Behavior of CD27-Defined B-Cell Subsets: Persistent Hepatitis C Virus Infection Changes the Rules.. J. Virol. 80: 3923-3934 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• He, B., Qiao, X., Klasse, P. J., Chiu, A., Chadburn, A., Knowles, D. M., Moore, J. P., Cerutti, A. (2006). HIV-1 Envelope Triggers Polyclonal Ig Class Switch Recombination through a CD40-Independent Mechanism Involving BAFF and C-Type Lectin Receptors. J. Immunol. 176: 3931-3941 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tsuiji, M., Yurasov, S., Velinzon, K., Thomas, S., Nussenzweig, M. C., Wardemann, H. (2006). A checkpoint for autoreactivity in human IgM+ memory B cell development. JEM 203: 393-400 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cuss, A. K., Avery, D. T., Cannons, J. L., Yu, L. J., Nichols, K. E., Shaw, P. J., Tangye, S. G. (2006). Expansion of Functionally Immature Transitional B Cells Is Associated with Human-Immunodeficient States Characterized by Impaired Humoral Immunity. J. Immunol. 176: 1506-1516 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ehrhardt, G. R.A., Hsu, J. T., Gartland, L., Leu, C.-M., Zhang, S., Davis, R. S., Cooper, M. D. (2005). Expression of the immunoregulatory molecule FcRH4 defines a distinctive tissue-based population of memory B cells. JEM 202: 783-791 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wykes, M. N., Zhou, Y.-H., Liu, X. Q., Good, M. F. (2005). Plasmodium yoelii Can Ablate Vaccine-Induced Long-Term Protection in Mice. J. Immunol. 175: 2510-2516 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Carbonari, M., Caprini, E., Tedesco, T., Mazzetta, F., Tocco, V., Casato, M., Russo, G., Fiorilli, M. (2005). Hepatitis C Virus Drives the Unconstrained Monoclonal Expansion of VH1-69-Expressing Memory B Cells in Type II Cryoglobulinemia: A Model of Infection-Driven Lymphomagenesis. J. Immunol. 174: 6532-6539 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Macallan, D. C., Wallace, D. L., Zhang, Y., Ghattas, H., Asquith, B., de Lara, C., Worth, A., Panayiotakopoulos, G., Griffin, G. E., Tough, D. F., Beverley, P. C. L. (2005). B-cell kinetics in humans: rapid turnover of peripheral blood memory cells. Blood 105: 3633-3640 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Avery, D. T., Ellyard, J. I., Mackay, F., Corcoran, L. M., Hodgkin, P. D., Tangye, S. G. (2005). Increased Expression of CD27 on Activated Human Memory B Cells Correlates with Their Commitment to the Plasma Cell Lineage. J. Immunol. 174: 4034-4042 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yurasov, S., Wardemann, H., Hammersen, J., Tsuiji, M., Meffre, E., Pascual, V., Nussenzweig, M. C. (2005). Defective B cell tolerance checkpoints in systemic lupus erythematosus. JEM 201: 703-711 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Blink, E. J., Light, A., Kallies, A., Nutt, S. L., Hodgkin, P. D., Tarlinton, D. M. (2005). Early appearance of germinal center-derived memory B cells and plasma cells in blood after primary immunization. JEM 201: 545-554 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weller, S., Braun, M. C., Tan, B. K., Rosenwald, A., Cordier, C., Conley, M. E., Plebani, A., Kumararatne, D. S., Bonnet, D., Tournilhac, O., Tchernia, G., Steiniger, B., Staudt, L. M., Casanova, J.-L., Reynaud, C.-A., Weill, J.-C. (2004). Human blood IgM "memory" B cells are circulating splenic marginal zone B cells harboring a prediversified immunoglobulin repertoire. Blood 104: 3647-3654 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Trapasso, F., Yendamuri, S., Dumon, K. R., Iuliano, R., Cesari, R., Feig, B., Seto, R., Infante, L., Ishii, H., Vecchione, A., During, M. J., Croce, C. M., Fusco, A. (2004). Restoration of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase {eta} function inhibits human pancreatic carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 25: 2107-2114 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, J., Zhu, J. W., Baker, J. E., Weiss, A. (2004). Regulated Expression of the Receptor-Like Tyrosine Phosphatase CD148 on Hemopoietic Cells. J. Immunol. 173: 2324-2330 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wulff, H., Knaus, H.-G., Pennington, M., Chandy, K. G. (2004). K+ Channel Expression during B Cell Differentiation: Implications for Immunomodulation and Autoimmunity. J. Immunol. 173: 776-786 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Xiao, Y., Hendriks, J., Langerak, P., Jacobs, H., Borst, J. (2004). CD27 Is Acquired by Primed B Cells at the Centroblast Stage and Promotes Germinal Center Formation. J. Immunol. 172: 7432-7441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ellyard, J. I., Avery, D. T., Phan, T. G., Hare, N. J., Hodgkin, P. D., Tangye, S. G. (2004). Antigen-selected, immunoglobulin-secreting cells persist in human spleen and bone marrow. Blood 103: 3805-3812 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dorner, T, Lipsky, P E (2004). Correlation of circulating CD27high plasma cells and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 13: 283-289 [Abstract]  
• Song, H., Cerny, J. (2003). Functional Heterogeneity of Marginal Zone B Cells Revealed by Their Ability to Generate Both Early Antibody-forming Cells and Germinal Centers with Hypermutation and Memory in Response to a T-dependent Antigen. JEM 198: 1923-1935 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Raman, V. S., Akondy, R. S., Rath, S., Bal, V., George, A. (2003). Ligation of CD27 on B Cells In Vivo during Primary Immunization Enhances Commitment to Memory B Cell Responses. J. Immunol. 171: 5876-5881 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Falini, B., Tiacci, E., Pucciarini, A., Bigerna, B., Kurth, J., Hatzivassiliou, G., Droetto, S., Galletti, B. V., Gambacorta, M., Orazi, A., Pasqualucci, L., Miller, I., Kuppers, R., Dalla-Favera, R., Cattoretti, G. (2003). Expression of the IRTA1 receptor identifies intraepithelial and subepithelial marginal zone B cells of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Blood 102: 3684-3692 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Fecteau, J. F., Neron, S. (2003). CD40 Stimulation of Human Peripheral B Lymphocytes: Distinct Response from Naive and Memory Cells. J. Immunol. 171: 4621-4629 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marafioti, T., Jones, M., Facchetti, F., Diss, T. C., Du, M.-Q., Isaacson, P. G., Pozzobon, M., Pileri, S. A., Strickson, A. J., Tan, S.-Y., Watkins, F., Mason, D. Y. (2003). Phenotype and genotype of interfollicular large B cells, a subpopulation of lymphocytes often with dendritic morphology. Blood 102: 2868-2876 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lieby, P., Soley, A., Knapp, A.-M., Cerutti, M., Freyssinet, J.-M., Pasquali, J.-L., Martin, T. (2003). Memory B cells producing somatically mutated antiphospholipid antibodies are present in healthy individuals. Blood 102: 2459-2465 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Odendahl, M, Keitzer, R, Wahn, U, Hiepe, F, Radbruch, A, Dorner, T, Bunikowski, R (2003). Perturbations of peripheral B lymphocyte homoeostasis in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 62: 851-858 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ni, J., Hembrador, E., Di Bisceglie, A. M., Jacobson, I. M., Talal, A. H., Butera, D., Rice, C. M., Chambers, T. J., Dustin, L. B. (2003). Accumulation of B Lymphocytes with a Naive, Resting Phenotype in a Subset of Hepatitis C Patients. J. Immunol. 170: 3429-3439 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Klein, U., Tu, Y., Stolovitzky, G. A., Keller, J. L., Haddad, J. Jr., Miljkovic, V., Cattoretti, G., Califano, A., Dalla-Favera, R. (2003). Transcriptional analysis of the B cell germinal center reaction. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 2639-2644 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tangye, S. G., Avery, D. T., Deenick, E. K., Hodgkin, P. D. (2003). Intrinsic Differences in the Proliferation of Naive and Memory Human B Cells as a Mechanism for Enhanced Secondary Immune Responses. J. Immunol. 170: 686-694 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Acosta Rodriguez, E. V., Zuniga, E., Montes, C. L., Gruppi, A. (2003). Interleukin-4 biases differentiation of B cells from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice and restrains their fratricide: role of Fas ligand down-regulation and MHC class II-transactivator up-regulation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 73: 127-136 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tesselaar, K., Xiao, Y., Arens, R., van Schijndel, G. M. W., Schuurhuis, D. H., Mebius, R. E., Borst, J., van Lier, R. A. W. (2003). Expression of the Murine CD27 Ligand CD70 In Vitro and In Vivo. J. Immunol. 170: 33-40 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tangye, S. G., Avery, D. T., Hodgkin, P. D. (2003). A Division-Linked Mechanism for the Rapid Generation of Ig-Secreting Cells from Human Memory B Cells. J. Immunol. 170: 261-269 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hase, H., Kanno, Y., Kojima, H., Morimoto, C., Okumura, K., Kobata, T. (2002). CD27 and CD40 Inhibit p53-independent Mitochondrial Pathways in Apoptosis of B Cells Induced by B Cell Receptor Ligation. J. Biol. Chem. 277: 46950-46958 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tangye, S. G., Ferguson, A., Avery, D. T., Ma, C. S., Hodgkin, P. D. (2002). Isotype Switching by Human B Cells Is Division-Associated and Regulated by Cytokines. J. Immunol. 169: 4298-4306 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Breitbart, E., Wang, X., Leka, L. S., Dallal, G. E., Meydani, S. N., Stollar, B. D. (2002). Altered Memory B-Cell Homeostasis in Human Aging. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 57: B304-311 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bahler, D. W., Pindzola, J. A., Swerdlow, S. H. (2002). Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphomas Appear to Originate from Different B Cell Types. Am. J. Pathol. 161: 81-88 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Damle, R. N., Ghiotto, F., Valetto, A., Albesiano, E., Fais, F., Yan, X.-J., Sison, C. P., Allen, S. L., Kolitz, J., Schulman, P., Vinciguerra, V. P., Budde, P., Frey, J., Rai, K. R., Ferrarini, M., Chiorazzi, N. (2002). B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells express a surface membrane phenotype of activated, antigen-experienced B lymphocytes. Blood 99: 4087-4093 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Warnatz, K., Denz, A., Drager, R., Braun, M., Groth, C., Wolff-Vorbeck, G., Eibel, H., Schlesier, M., Peter, H. H. (2002). Severe deficiency of switched memory B cells (CD27+IgM-IgD-) in subgroups of patients with common variable immunodeficiency: a new approach to classify a heterogeneous disease. Blood 99: 1544-1551 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nagumo, H., Agematsu, K., Kobayashi, N., Shinozaki, K., Hokibara, S., Nagase, H., Takamoto, M., Yasui, K., Sugane, K., Komiyama, A. (2002). The different process of class switching and somatic hypermutation; a novel analysis by CD27- naive B cells. Blood 99: 567-575 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Klein, U., Tu, Y., Stolovitzky, G. A., Mattioli, M., Cattoretti, G., Husson, H., Freedman, A., Inghirami, G., Cro, L., Baldini, L., Neri, A., Califano, A., Dalla-Favera, R. (2001). Gene Expression Profiling of B Cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Reveals a Homogeneous Phenotype Related to Memory B Cells. JEM 194: 1625-1638 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bar-Or, A., Oliveira, E. M. L, Anderson, D. E., Krieger, J. I., Duddy, M., O'Connor, K. C., Hafler, D. A. (2001). Immunological Memory: Contribution of Memory B Cells Expressing Costimulatory Molecules in the Resting State. J. Immunol. 167: 5669-5677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Meffre, E., Catalan, N., Seltz, F., Fischer, A., Nussenzweig, M. C., Durandy, A. (2001). Somatic Hypermutation Shapes the Antibody Repertoire of Memory B Cells in Humans. JEM 194: 375-378 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jacquot, S., Macon-Lemaitre, L., Paris, E., Kobata, T., Tanaka, Y., Morimoto, C., Schlossman, S. F., Tron, F. (2001). B cell co-receptors regulating T cell-dependent antibody production in common variable immunodeficiency: CD27 pathway defects identify subsets of severely immuno-compromised patients. Int Immunol 13: 871-876 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zhang, X., Li, L., Jung, J., Xiang, S., Hollmann, C., Choi, Y. S. (2001). The Distinct Roles of T Cell-Derived Cytokines and a Novel Follicular Dendritic Cell-Signaling Molecule 8D6 in Germinal Center-B Cell Differentiation. J. Immunol. 167: 49-56 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Weller, S., Faili, A., Garcia, C., Braun, M. C., Le Deist, F., de Saint Basile, G., Hermine, O., Fischer, A., Reynaud, C.-A., Weill, J.-C. (2001). CD40-CD40L independent Ig gene hypermutation suggests a second B cell diversification pathway in humans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 1166-1170 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dammers, P. M., Visser, A., Popa, E. R., Nieuwenhuis, P., Kroese, F. G. M. (2000). Most Marginal Zone B Cells in Rat Express Germline Encoded Ig VH Genes and Are Ligand Selected. J. Immunol. 165: 6156-6169 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Odendahl, M., Jacobi, A., Hansen, A., Feist, E., Hiepe, F., Burmester, G. R., Lipsky, P. E., Radbruch, A., Dorner, T. (2000). Disturbed Peripheral B Lymphocyte Homeostasis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J. Immunol. 165: 5970-5979 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Richards, S. J., Morgan, G. J., Hillmen, P. (2000). Immunophenotypic analysis of B cells in PNH: insights into the generation of circulating naive and memory B cells. Blood 96: 3522-3528 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bahler, D. W., Aguilera, N. S., Chen, C. C., Abbondanzo, S. L., Swerdlow, S. H. (2000). Histological and Immunoglobulin VH Gene Analysis of Interfollicular Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma Provides Evidence for Two Types. Am. J. Pathol. 157: 1063-1070 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Joseph, A. M., Babcock, G. J., Thorley-Lawson, D. A. (2000). EBV Persistence Involves Strict Selection of Latently Infected B Cells. J. Immunol. 165: 2975-2981 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shinall, S. M., Gonzalez-Fernandez, M., Noelle, R. J., Waldschmidt, T. J. (2000). Identification of Murine Germinal Center B Cell Subsets Defined by the Expression of Surface Isotypes and Differentiation Antigens. J. Immunol. 164: 5729-5738 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Morimoto, S., Kanno, Y., Tanaka, Y., Tokano, Y., Hashimoto, H., Jacquot, S., Morimoto, C., Schlossman, S. F., Yagita, H., Okumura, K., Kobata, T. (2000). CD134L Engagement Enhances Human B Cell Ig Production: CD154/CD40, CD70/CD27, and CD134/CD134L Interactions Coordinately Regulate T Cell-Dependent B Cell Responses. J. Immunol. 164: 4097-4104 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dunn-Walters, D. K., Hackett, M., Boursier, L., Ciclitira, P. J., Morgan, P., Challacombe, S. J., Spencer, J. (2000). Characteristics of Human IgA and IgM Genes Used by Plasma Cells in the Salivary Gland Resemble Those Used in Duodenum But Not Those Used in the Spleen. J. Immunol. 164: 1595-1601 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Billard, C., Delaire, S., Raffoux, E., Bensussan, A., Boumsell, L. (2000). Switch in the protein tyrosine phosphatase associated with human CD100 semaphorin at terminal B-cell differentiation stage. Blood 95: 965-972 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kuppers, R., Klein, U., Hansmann, M.-L., Rajewsky, K. (1999). Cellular Origin of Human B-Cell Lymphomas. NEJM 341: 1520-1529 [Full Text]  
• Damle, R. N., Wasil, T., Fais, F., Ghiotto, F., Valetto, A., Allen, S. L., Buchbinder, A., Budman, D., Dittmar, K., Kolitz, J., Lichtman, S. M., Schulman, P., Vinciguerra, V. P., Rai, K. R., Ferrarini, M., Chiorazzi, N. (1999). Ig V Gene Mutation Status and CD38 Expression As Novel Prognostic Indicators in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Blood 94: 1840-1847 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS