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J. Exp. Med.,
Volume 188, Number 5, September 7, 1998 845-854
and
Parasite-specific Antibodies
By

From the * School of Dentistry, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan; and the The merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) has emerged as a leading malaria vaccine candidate at
the erythrocytic stage. Recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin (rBCG), which expressed a
COOH-terminal 15-kD fragment of MSP1 of Plasmodium yoelii (MSP1-15) as a fusion protein
with a secretory protein of Mycobacterium kansasii, was constructed. Immunization of mice with
this rBCG induced a higher degree of protection against blood-stage parasite infection than with recombinant MSP1-15 in the RIBI adjuvant (RIBI ImmunoChem Research, Inc.,
Hamilton, MT) or incomplete Freund's adjuvant systems. We studied the mechanism of protection induced by MSP1-15, and found that interferon (IFN)-
Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
had a major role in protection in all adjuvant systems we examined. Mice that produced low amounts of MSP1-15 stimulated
IFN-
and could not control parasite infection. The antibody against MSP1-15 did not play a
major role in protection in this system. After parasite infection, immunoglobulin G2a antibodies, which had been produced by IFN-
stimulation, were induced and subsequently played an
important role in eradicating parasites. Thus, both cellular and humoral immune responses
were essential for protection from malaria disease. These data revealed that BCG is a powerful
adjuvant to induce such a protective immune response against malaria parasites.
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