The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1998/8/785/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 188, Number 4, August 17, 1998 785-790

Brief Definitive Reports

Oligoclonal Expansions of CD8+ T Cells in Chronic HIV Infection Are Antigen Specific

Jamie D.K. Wilson, Graham S. Ogg, Rachel L. Allen, Philip J.R. Goulder, Anthony Kelleher, Andy K. Sewell, Christopher A. O'Callaghan, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Margaret F.C. Callan, and Andrew J. McMichael

From the Molecular Immunology Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom

Acute HIV infection is associated with a vigorous immune response characterized by the proliferation of selected T cell receptor V beta (BV)-expressing CD8+ T cells. These ‘expansions', which are commonly detected in the peripheral blood, can persist during chronic HIV infection and may result in the dominance of particular clones. Such clonal populations are most consistent with antigen-driven expansions of CD8+ T cells. However, due to the difficulties in studying antigen-specific T cells in vivo, it has been hard to prove that oligoclonal BV expansions are actually HIV specific. The use of tetrameric major histocompatibility complex–peptide complexes has recently enabled direct visualization of antigen-specific T cells ex vivo but has not provided information on their clonal composition. We have now made use of these tetrameric complexes in conjunction with anti-BV chain–specific monoclonal antibodies and analysis of cytotoxic T lymphocyte lines/clones to show that chronically clonally expanded CD8+ T cells are HIV specific in vivo.

Key Words: human immunodeficiency virus • T cell receptor • cytotoxic T lymphocytes • tetramer • expansion

Address correspondence to J.D.K. Wilson, Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK. Phone: 44-1865-222-334; Fax: 44-1865-222-502; E-mail: jamie.wilson{at}green.ox.ac.uk


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