J. Exp. Med., Volume 188, Number 11, December 7, 1998 2083-2090

2B4, the Natural Killer and T Cell Immunoglobulin Superfamily Surface Protein, Is a Ligand for CD48

By Marion H. Brown,^* Kent Boles, P. Anton van der Merwe,^* Vinay Kumar,^§ Porunelloor A. Mathew, and A. Neil Barclay^*

From the ^* Medical Research Council Cellular Immunology Unit, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; the  Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas 76107; and the ^§ Department of Pathology, University of  Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235

2B4 is a cell surface glycoprotein related to CD2 and implicated in the regulation of natural killer and T lymphocyte function. A recombinant protein containing the extracellular region of mouse (m)2B4 attached to avidin-coated fluorescent beads bound to rodent cells, and binding was completely blocked by CD48 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Using surface plasmon resonance, we showed that purified soluble mCD48 bound m2B4 with a six- to ninefold higher affinity (K_d 16 µM at 37°C) than its other ligand, CD2. Human CD48 bound human 2B4 with a similar affinity (K_d 8 µM). The finding of an additional ligand for CD48 provides an explanation for distinct functional effects observed on perturbing CD2 and CD48 with mAbs or by genetic manipulation.

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