T Helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 Characteristics Start to Develop During T Cell Priming and Are Associated with an Immediate Ability to Induce Immunoglobulin Class Switching

doi:10.1084/jem.187.8.1193

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J. Exp. Med., Volume 187, Number 8, April 20, 1998 1193-1204

T Helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 Characteristics Start to Develop During T Cell Priming and Are Associated with an Immediate Ability to Induce Immunoglobulin Class Switching

By Kai-Michael Toellner,^* Sanjiv A. Luther,^§ Daniel M.-Y. Sze,^* Richard K.-W. Choy,^* Dale R. Taylor,^* Ian C.M. MacLennan,^* and Hans Acha-Orbea^§

From the ^* Department of Immunology, University of Birmingham Medical School, Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom; the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch; and the ^§ Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland

The respective production of specific immunoglobulin (Ig)G2a or IgG1 within 5 d of primary immunization with Swiss type mousemammary tumor virus [MMTV(SW)] or haptenated protein providesa model for the development of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 responses.The antibody-producing cells arise from cognate T cell B cellinteraction, revealed by the respective induction of C $gamma$ 2a andC $gamma$ 1 switch transcript production, on the third day after immunization.T cell proliferation and upregulation of mRNA for interferon $gamma$ in response to MMTV(SW) and interleukin 4 in response to haptenatedprotein also starts during this day. It follows that there isminimal delay in these responses between T cell priming and theonset of cognate interaction between T and B cells leading toclass switching and exponential growth. The Th1 or Th2 profileis at least partially established at the time of the first cognateT cell interaction with B cells in the T zone.

The addition of killed Bordetella pertussis to the hapten-protein induces nonhapten-specific IgG2a and IgG1 plasma cells,whereas the anti-hapten response continues to be IgG1 dominated.This indicates that a Th2 response to hapten-protein can proceedin a node where there is substantial Th1 activity.

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