The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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J. Exp. Med., Volume 187, Number 1, January 5, 1998 117-122

BRIEF DEFINITIVE REPORT:
Activity and Phenotype of Natural Killer Cells in Peptide Transporter (TAP)-deficient Patients (Type I Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome)

By Jacques Zimmer,* Lionel Donato,Dagger Daniel Hanau,* Jean-Pierre Cazenave,* Marie-Marthe Tongio,* Alessandro Moretta,§ and Henri de la Salle*

From the * Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilité, Contrat Jeune Formation Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 94-03, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U.311, Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine, Strasbourg 67065, France; Dagger  Service de Pédiatrie, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg 67098, France; and § Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia Generale, Università di Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy and Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Biotechnologie, Università di Brescia, 25100 Brescia, Italy

In this paper we describe the function and phenotype of natural killer (NK) lymphocytes from HLA class I-deficient patients. These cells are, as has been previously reported, unable to lyse HLA class I- K562 cells, but are able to perform antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), although with lower efficiency as compared to NK cells from normal individuals. Transporter associated to antigen processing (TAP)- NK cells proliferate when cultured in the presence of lymphoblastoid B cells (B-LCs) and interleukin 2 and develop a spectrum of cytotoxicity similar to that of activated normal NK cells. Importantly, activation of the TAP- NK cells induces strong cytotoxicity to autologous B-LCs. Analysis of the phenotype of circulating TAP- NK lymphocytes showed them to display a normal diverse repertoire of HLA class I-specific NK receptors. These receptors were expressed at normal levels, apart from the CD94-NKG2A complex, which appeared to be overexpressed. This latter finding could reflect an adaptation to the low expression of HLA class I molecules. Finally, functional analyses indicated that the inhibitory receptors in TAP- individuals can transduce inhibitory signals. Our results suggest that in vivo, the NK cells of TAP- patients could participate in immune defense, at least through ADCC, but upon activation, may be involved in autoimmune processes.


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