J. Exp. Med.
© The Rockefeller University Press
0022-1007/97/10/1177/06 $2.00
Volume 186, Number 7, October 6, 1997 1177-1182

BRIEF DEFINITIVE REPORT:
Bone Marrow-generated Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Tumor Extracts or Tumor RNA Induce Antitumor Immunity against Central Nervous System Tumors

By David M. Ashley,^* Brenda Faiola,^§ Smita Nair, Laura P. Hale, Darell D. Bigner, and Eli Gilboa^§

From the ^* Department of Pediatrics,  Department of Pathology, ^§ Department of Immunology, and  Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Recent studies have shown that the brain is not a barrier to successful active immunotherapy that uses gene-modified autologous tumor cell vaccines. In this study, we compared the efficacy of two types of vaccines for the treatment of tumors within the central nervous system (CNS): dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines pulsed with either tumor extract or tumor RNA, and cytokine gene-modified tumor vaccines. Using the B16/F10 murine melanoma (B16) as a model for CNS tumor, we show that vaccination with bone marrow-generated DCs, pulsed with either B16 cell extract or B16 total RNA, can induce specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes against B16 tumor cells. Both types of DC vaccines were able to protect animals from tumors located in the CNS. DC-based vaccines also led to prolonged survival in mice with tumors placed before the initiation of vaccine therapy. The DC-based vaccines were at least as effective, if not more so, as vaccines containing B16 tumor cells in which the granulocytic macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene had been modified. These data support the use of DC-based vaccines for the treatment of patients with CNS tumors.

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