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From the * Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229;
and A cytotoxic cycle triggered by DNA single-strand breakage and poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase
activation has been shown to contribute to the cellular injury during various forms of oxidant
stress in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase
(PARS) in the process of neutrophil recruitment and in development of local and systemic inflammation. In pharmacological studies, PARS was inhibited by 3-aminobenzamide (10-20
mg/kg) in rats and mice. In other sets of studies, inflammatory responses in PARS
Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, London
EC1M6BQ, United Kingdom
/
mice
were compared with the responses in corresponding wild-type controls. Inhibition of PARS
reduced neutrophil recruitment and reduced the extent of edema in zymosan- and carrageenan-triggered models of local inflammation. Moreover, inhibition of PARS prevented neutrophil recruitment, and reduced organ injury in rodent models of inflammation and multiple
organ failure elicited by intraperitoneal injection of zymosan. Inhibition of PARS also reduced
the extent of neutrophil emigration across murine mesenteric postcapillary venules. This reduction was due to an increased rate of adherent neutrophil detachment from the endothelium,
promoting their reentry into the circulation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that
PARS inhibition reduces local and systemic inflammation. Part of the antiinflammatory effects
of PARS inhibition is due to reduced neutrophil recruitment, which may be related to maintained endothelial integrity.
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