J. Exp. Med.
© The Rockefeller University Press
0022-1007/97/07/269/10 $2.00
Volume 186, Number 2, July 21, 1997 269-278

Measles Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Binds to FcRII and Inhibits Human B Cell Antibody Production

By Kissia Ravanel,^* Claire Castelle, Thierry Defrance,^§ T. Fabian Wild,^§ Dominique Charron, Vincent Lotteau, and Chantal Rabourdin-Combe^*

From the ^* Immunobiologie Moléculaire, Unité Mixte de Recherche 49, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Ecole Normale Supérieure Lyon, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France;  U396, Institut des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France; ^§ U404, Institut Pasteur de Lyon, 69365 Lyon Cedex 07, France; and  U391, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France

Despite the development of an efficient specific immune response during measles virus (MV) infection, an immunosuppression occurs contributing to secondary infections. To study the role of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in MV-induced immunosuppression, we produced recombinant MV NP. Purified recombinant NP exhibited biochemical, antigenic, and tridimensional structure similar to viral NP. By flow cytometry, we showed that viral or recombinant NP bound to human and murine B lymphocytes, but not to T lymphocytes. This binding was specific, independent of MHC class II expression, and dependent of the B lymphocyte activation state. The murine IIA1.6 B cell line, deficient in the Fc receptor for IgG (FcRII) expression, did not bind NP efficiently. Transfected IIA1.6 cells expressing either murine FcRIIb1 or b2, or human FcRIIa, b1*, or b2 isoforms efficiently bound NP. Furthermore, this binding was inhibited up to 90% by monoclonal antibodies 2.4G2 or KB61 specific for murine and human FcRII, respectively. Finally, the in vitro Ig synthesis of CD40- or Ig-activated human B lymphocytes in the presence of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10 was reduced by 50% in the presence of recombinant NP. These data demonstrate that MV NP binds to human and murine FcRII and inhibits in vitro antibody production, and therefore suggests a role for NP in MV-induced immunosuppression.

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