The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1997/5/1557/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 185, Number 9, May 5, 1997 1557-1564

Articles

Several Carcinoembryonic Antigens (CD66) Serve as Receptors for Gonococcal Opacity Proteins

Tie Chen*, Fritz Grunert{ddagger}, Andrew Medina-Marino*, and Emil C. Gotschlich*

From the * Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, 10021-6399; and the {ddagger} Institute of Immunobiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg D-79104, Germany

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) is a human pathogen that adheres to and invades genital surfaces. Although pili are required for the initial adherence, the interaction of GC with epithelial cells is also promoted by a family of outer membrane proteins, the opacity (Opa) proteins such as OpaA protein from strain MS11. Studies have demonstrated that the interaction of the OpaA GC with epithelial cells involves binding to heparan sulfate attached to syndecan receptors. However, other Opa proteins interact with CEA gene family member 1 (CGM1) or biliary glycoprotein (BGP), members of the CD66 antigen family. In this study, we demonstrate that, in addition, the 180-kD carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a receptor for Opa proteins. This conclusion was based on the following observations. First, transfected HeLa cells expressing CEA (HeLaCEA) and the CEA-expressing colon cancer cell line (LS 174T) bound and subsequently engulfed the Opa+ bacteria. These interactions were inhibited by anti-CEA antibody, but could not be inhibited by addition of heparin. Furthermore, OpaI E. coli directly bound purified CEA. We also compared the adherence and invasion by Opa+ bacteria of CD66 transfected HeLa cells: HeLa-BGPa, HeLa-CGM6, HeLa-NCA, HeLa-CGM1a, HeLa-CEA, and HeLa-Neo serving as negative control. Using OpaI as the prototype, the relative ability of the transfected HeLa cell lines to support adherence was (CEA = BGPa >CGM1a >NCA >>CGM6 = Neo). The ability to mediate invasion of the transfectant cells was (CGM1a >CEA >BGPa >NCA >CGM6 = Neo). Among the Opa proteins tested, OpaC proved to be bifunctional, able to mediate adherence to both syndecan receptors and to CD66 antigens.

Address correspondence to Tie Chen, Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10021-6399.

1Abbreviations used in this paper: BGP, biliary glycoprotein; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CGM, CEA gene family member; CHO, Chinese hamster ovary; FTOC, fallopian tube organ culture; GC, Neisseria gonorrhoeae; NCA, nonspecific cross-reacting antigens; Opa, opacity.


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