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Bertrand Dubois^*, Béatrice Vanbervliet^*, Jérome Fayette^*, Catherine Massacrier^*, Cees Van Kooten, Francine Brière^*, Jacques Banchereau^*, and Christophe Caux^*

From ^* Schering Plough, Laboratory for Immunological Research, 69571 Dardilly, France; and the Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Hospital, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands

After antigen capture, dendritic cells (DC) migrate into T cell–rich areas of secondary lymphoid organs, where they induce T cell activation, that subsequently drives B cell activation. Here, we investigate whether DC, generated in vitro, can directly modulate B cell responses, using CD40L-transfected L cells as surrogate activated T cells. DC, through the production of soluble mediators, stimulated by 3- to 6-fold the proliferation and subsequent recovery of B cells. Furthermore, after CD40 ligation, DC enhanced by 30–300-fold the secretion of IgG and IgA by sIgD^– B cells (essentially memory B cells). In the presence of DC, naive sIgD⁺ B cells produced, in response to interleukin-2, large amounts of IgM. Thus, in addition to activating naive T cells in the extrafollicular areas of secondary lymphoid organs, DC may directly modulate B cell growth and differentiation.

J. Fayette and B. Dubois were supported by Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon.

¹Abbreviations used in this paper: DC, dendritic cells; D–Lc, dendritic– Langerhans cells; GC, germinal center; IDC, interdigitating dendritic cells.

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