The Journal of Experimental Medicine
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© The Rockefeller University Press, 0022-1007/1997/2/663/ $5.00
The Journal of Experimental Medicine, Volume 185, Number 4, February 17, 1997 663-672

Articles

IgE Enhances Mouse Mast Cell Fc{varepsilon}RI Expression In Vitro and In Vivo: Evidence for a Novel Amplification Mechanism in IgE-dependent Reactions

Masao Yamaguchi*, Chris S. Lantz*, Hans C. Oettgen{ddagger}, Ildy M. Katona§, Tony Fleming*, Ichiro Miyajima*, Jean-Pierre Kinet*, and Stephen J. Galli*

From the * Departments of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215; {ddagger} Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215; and the § Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland 20814

The binding of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to high affinity IgE receptors (Fc{varepsilon}RI) expressed on the surface of mast cells primes these cells to secrete, upon subsequent exposure to specific antigen, a panel of proinflammatory mediators, which includes cytokines that can also have immunoregulatory activities. This IgE- and antigen-specific mast cell activation and mediator production is thought to be critical to the pathogenesis of allergic disorders, such as anaphylaxis and asthma, and also contributes to host defense against parasites. We now report that exposure to IgE results in a striking (up to 32-fold) upregulation of surface expression of Fc{varepsilon}RI on mouse mast cells in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, baseline levels of Fc{varepsilon}RI expression on peritoneal mast cells from genetically IgE-deficient (IgE –/–) mice are dramatically reduced (by ~83%) compared with those on cells from the corresponding normal mice. In vitro studies indicate that the IgE-dependent upregulation of mouse mast cell Fc{varepsilon}RI expression has two components: an early cycloheximide-insensitive phase, followed by a later and more sustained component that is highly sensitive to inhibition by cycloheximide. In turn, IgE-dependent upregulation of Fc{varepsilon}RI expression significantly enhances the ability of mouse mast cells to release serotonin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-4 in response to challenge with IgE and specific antigen. The demonstration that IgE-dependent enhancement of mast cell Fc{varepsilon}RI expression permits mast cells to respond to antigen challenge with increased production of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory mediators provides new insights into both the pathogenesis of allergic diseases and the regulation of protective host responses to parasites.

Address correspondence to Stephen J. Galli, M.D., Division of Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, RN-227, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center-East, Boston, Massachusetts 02215.

Note added in proof: While this manuscript was in preparation, an in vitro study of mouse BMCMCs was published which contains results similar to some of the findings reported herein (Hsu, C., and D. MacGlashan, Jr. 1996. IgE antibody up-regulates high affinity IgE binding on murine bone marrow derived mast cells. Immunol. Lett. 52:129–134).

M. Yamaguchi and C.S. Lantz are co-first authors.

1Abbreviations used in this paper: BMCMCs, mouse bone marrow–derived cultured mast cells; DNP-HSA, DNP human serum albumin; MESF, molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome units; RBL cells, rat basophilic leukemia cells; rrSCF, recombinant rat stem cell factor164; SCF, stem cell factor.


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