Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search | Table of Contents

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF, 95K) PPT slides of all figures Alert me when this article is cited Citation Map Services Email this article Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new content in the JEM Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Connor, R. I. Articles by Landau, N. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Connor, R. I. Articles by Landau, N. R. Social Bookmarking                            What's this?

Articles

From the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center and The Rockefeller University, New York, 10016

Recent studies have identified several coreceptors that are required for fusion and entry of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) into CD4⁺ cells. One of these receptors, CCR5, serves as a coreceptor for nonsyncytium inducing (NSI), macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1, while another, fusin or CXCR-4, functions as a coreceptor for T cell line–adapted, syncytiuminducing (SI) strains. Using sequential primary isolates of HIV-1, we examined whether viruses using these coreceptors emerge in vivo and whether changes in coreceptor use are associated with disease progression. We found that isolates of HIV-1 from early in the course of infection predominantly used CCR5 for infection. However, in patients with disease progression, the virus expanded its coreceptor use to include CCR5, CCR3, CCR2b, and CXCR-4. Use of CXCR-4 as a coreceptor was only seen with primary viruses having an SI phenotype and was restricted by the env gene of the virus. The emergence of variants using this coreceptor was associated with a switch from NSI to SI phenotype, loss of sensitivity to chemokines, and decreasing CD4⁺ T cell counts. These results suggest that HIV-1 evolves during the course of infection to use an expanded range of coreceptors for infection, and that this adaptation is associated with progression to AIDS.

¹Abbreviations used in this paper: HOS.CD4, human osteosarcoma cells expressing human CD4; NSI, nonsyncytium-inducing; SI, syncytium-inducing; TCID₅₀, 50% tissue culture infectious dose; TCLA, T cell line–adapted.

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Del Prete, G. Q., Haggarty, B., Leslie, G. J., Jordan, A. P. O., Romano, J., Wang, N., Wang, J., Holmes, M. C., Montefiori, D. C., Hoxie, J. A. (2009). Derivation and Characterization of a Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239 Variant with Tropism for CXCR4. J. Virol. 83: 9911-9922 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hanna, Z., Priceputu, E., Chrobak, P., Hu, C., Dugas, V., Goupil, M., Marquis, M., de Repentigny, L., Jolicoeur, P. (2009). Selective Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Nef in Specific Immune Cell Populations of Transgenic Mice Is Associated with Distinct AIDS-Like Phenotypes. J. Virol. 83: 9743-9758 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nedellec, R., Coetzer, M., Shimizu, N., Hoshino, H., Polonis, V. R., Morris, L., Martensson, U. E. A., Binley, J., Overbaugh, J., Mosier, D. E. (2009). Virus Entry via the Alternative Coreceptors CCR3 and FPRL1 Differs by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype. J. Virol. 83: 8353-8363 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Horne, W. S., Johnson, L. M., Ketas, T. J., Klasse, P. J., Lu, M., Moore, J. P., Gellman, S. H. (2009). Structural and biological mimicry of protein surface recognition by {alpha}/{beta}-peptide foldamers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 14751-14756 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Isaacman-Beck, J., Hermann, E. A., Yi, Y., Ratcliffe, S. J., Mulenga, J., Allen, S., Hunter, E., Derdeyn, C. A., Collman, R. G. (2009). Heterosexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C: Macrophage Tropism, Alternative Coreceptor Use, and the Molecular Anatomy of CCR5 Utilization. J. Virol. 83: 8208-8220 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Murakami, T., Kumakura, S., Yamazaki, T., Tanaka, R., Hamatake, M., Okuma, K., Huang, W., Toma, J., Komano, J., Yanaka, M., Tanaka, Y., Yamamoto, N. (2009). The Novel CXCR4 Antagonist KRH-3955 Is an Orally Bioavailable and Extremely Potent Inhibitor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: Comparative Studies with AMD3100. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53: 2940-2948 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shalev, Z., Duffy, S. P., Adema, K. W., Prasad, R., Hussain, N., Willett, B. J., Tailor, C. S. (2009). Identification of a Feline Leukemia Virus Variant That Can Use THTR1, FLVCR1, and FLVCR2 for Infection. J. Virol. 83: 6706-6716 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ince, W. L., Harrington, P. R., Schnell, G. L., Patel-Chhabra, M., Burch, C. L., Menezes, P., Price, R. W., Eron, J. J. Jr., Swanstrom, R. I. (2009). Major Coexisting Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env Gene Subpopulations in the Peripheral Blood Are Produced by Cells with Similar Turnover Rates and Show Little Evidence of Genetic Compartmentalization. J. Virol. 83: 4068-4080 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nolan, K. M., Del Prete, G. Q., Jordan, A. P. O., Haggarty, B., Romano, J., Leslie, G. J., Hoxie, J. A. (2009). Characterization of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 V3 Deletion Mutation That Confers Resistance to CCR5 Inhibitors and the Ability To Use Aplaviroc-Bound Receptor. J. Virol. 83: 3798-3809 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Wang, A., Fairhurst, A.-M., Tus, K., Subramanian, S., Liu, Y., Lin, F., Igarashi, P., Zhou, X. J., Batteux, F., Wong, D., Wakeland, E. K., Mohan, C. (2009). CXCR4/CXCL12 Hyperexpression Plays a Pivotal Role in the Pathogenesis of Lupus. J. Immunol. 182: 4448-4458 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gaertner, H., Cerini, F., Escola, J.-M., Kuenzi, G., Melotti, A., Offord, R., Rossitto-Borlat, I., Nedellec, R., Salkowitz, J., Gorochov, G., Mosier, D., Hartley, O. (2008). Highly potent, fully recombinant anti-HIV chemokines: Reengineering a low-cost microbicide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 17706-17711 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gulick, R. M., Lalezari, J., Goodrich, J., Clumeck, N., DeJesus, E., Horban, A., Nadler, J., Clotet, B., Karlsson, A., Wohlfeiler, M., Montana, J. B., McHale, M., Sullivan, J., Ridgway, C., Felstead, S., Dunne, M. W., van der Ryst, E., Mayer, H., the MOTIVATE Study Teams, (2008). Maraviroc for Previously Treated Patients with R5 HIV-1 Infection. NEJM 359: 1429-1441 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Harmon, B., Ratner, L. (2008). Induction of the G{alpha}q Signaling Cascade by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Is Required for Virus Entry. J. Virol. 82: 9191-9205 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Tasca, S., Ho, S.-H., Cheng-Mayer, C. (2008). R5X4 Viruses Are Evolutionary, Functional, and Antigenic Intermediates in the Pathway of a Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coreceptor Switch. J. Virol. 82: 7089-7099 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gaiha, G. D., Dong, T., Palaniyar, N., Mitchell, D. A., Reid, K. B. M., Clark, H. W. (2008). Surfactant Protein A Binds to HIV and Inhibits Direct Infection of CD4+ Cells, but Enhances Dendritic Cell-Mediated Viral Transfer. J. Immunol. 181: 601-609 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Huang, W., Toma, J., Fransen, S., Stawiski, E., Reeves, J. D., Whitcomb, J. M., Parkin, N., Petropoulos, C. J. (2008). Coreceptor Tropism Can Be Influenced by Amino Acid Substitutions in the gp41 Transmembrane Subunit of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein. J. Virol. 82: 5584-5593 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Sieg, S. F., Bazdar, D. A., Lederman, M. M. (2008). S-phase entry leads to cell death in circulating T cells from HIV-infected persons. J. Leukoc. Biol. 83: 1382-1387 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Klotman, M. E., Rapista, A., Teleshova, N., Micsenyi, A., Jarvis, G. A., Lu, W., Porter, E., Chang, T. L. (2008). Neisseria gonorrhoeae-Induced Human Defensins 5 and 6 Increase HIV Infectivity: Role in Enhanced Transmission. J. Immunol. 180: 6176-6185 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nolan, K. M., Jordan, A. P. O., Hoxie, J. A. (2008). Effects of Partial Deletions within the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 V3 Loop on Coreceptor Tropism and Sensitivity to Entry Inhibitors. J. Virol. 82: 664-673 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Patel, M. B., Hoffman, N. G., Swanstrom, R. (2008). Subtype-Specific Conformational Differences within the V3 Region of Subtype B and Subtype C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Env Proteins. J. Virol. 82: 903-916 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• DeGottardi, M. Q., Lew, S. K., Piatak, M. Jr., Jia, B., Feng, Y., Lee, S. J., Brenchley, J. M., Douek, D. C., Kodama, T., Lifson, J. D., Evans, D. T. (2008). Comparison of Plasma Viremia and Antibody Responses in Macaques Inoculated with Envelope Variants of Single-Cycle Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Differing in Infectivity and Cellular Tropism. J. Virol. 82: 321-334 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Logan, N., Spiller, O. B., Schneider, P., Hosie, M. J. (2007). Probing the Interaction between Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and CD134 by Using the Novel Monoclonal Antibody 7D6 and the CD134 (Ox40) Ligand. J. Virol. 81: 9665-9679 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kiselyeva, Y., Nedellec, R., Ramos, A., Pastore, C., Margolis, L. B., Mosier, D. E. (2007). Evolution of CXCR4-Using Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 SF162 Is Associated with Two Unique Envelope Mutations. J. Virol. 81: 3657-3661 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hatse, S., Huskens, D., Princen, K., Vermeire, K., Bridger, G. J., De Clercq, E., Rosenkilde, M. M., Schwartz, T. W., Schols, D. (2007). Modest Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coreceptor Function of CXCR3 Is Strongly Enhanced by Mimicking the CXCR4 Ligand Binding Pocket in the CXCR3 Receptor. J. Virol. 81: 3632-3639 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Westby, M., Smith-Burchnell, C., Mori, J., Lewis, M., Mosley, M., Stockdale, M., Dorr, P., Ciaramella, G., Perros, M. (2007). Reduced Maximal Inhibition in Phenotypic Susceptibility Assays Indicates that Viral Strains Resistant to the CCR5 Antagonist Maraviroc Utilize Inhibitor-Bound Receptor for Entry. J. Virol. 81: 2359-2371 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vasilescu, A., Terashima, Y., Enomoto, M., Heath, S., Poonpiriya, V., Gatanaga, H., Do, H., Diop, G., Hirtzig, T., Auewarakul, P., Lauhakirti, D., Sura, T., Charneau, P., Marullo, S., Therwath, A., Oka, S., Kanegasaki, S., Lathrop, M., Matsushima, K., Zagury, J.-F., Matsuda, F. (2007). A haplotype of the human CXCR1 gene protective against rapid disease progression in HIV-1+ patients. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 3354-3359 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baba, M., Miyake, H., Wang, X., Okamoto, M., Takashima, K. (2007). Isolation and Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistant to the Small-Molecule CCR5 Antagonist TAK-652. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51: 707-715 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Bunnik, E. M., Quakkelaar, E. D., van Nuenen, A. C., Boeser-Nunnink, B., Schuitemaker, H. (2007). Increased Neutralization Sensitivity of Recently Emerged CXCR4-Using Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains Compared to Coexisting CCR5-Using Variants from the Same Patient. J. Virol. 81: 525-531 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishimura, Y., Igarashi, T., Buckler-White, A., Buckler, C., Imamichi, H., Goeken, R. M., Lee, W. R., Lafont, B. A. P., Byrum, R., Lane, H. C., Hirsch, V. M., Martin, M. A. (2007). Loss of Naive Cells Accompanies Memory CD4+ T-Cell Depletion during Long-Term Progression to AIDS in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques. J. Virol. 81: 893-902 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Li, M., Salazar-Gonzalez, J. F., Derdeyn, C. A., Morris, L., Williamson, C., Robinson, J. E., Decker, J. M., Li, Y., Salazar, M. G., Polonis, V. R., Mlisana, K., Karim, S. A., Hong, K., Greene, K. M., Bilska, M., Zhou, J., Allen, S., Chomba, E., Mulenga, J., Vwalika, C., Gao, F., Zhang, M., Korber, B. T. M., Hunter, E., Hahn, B. H., Montefiori, D. C. (2006). Genetic and Neutralization Properties of Subtype C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Molecular env Clones from Acute and Early Heterosexually Acquired Infections in Southern Africa. J. Virol. 80: 11776-11790 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Venzke, S., Michel, N., Allespach, I., Fackler, O. T., Keppler, O. T. (2006). Expression of Nef Downregulates CXCR4, the Major Coreceptor of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, from the Surfaces of Target Cells and Thereby Enhances Resistance to Superinfection. J. Virol. 80: 11141-11152 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Zaunders, J. J., Ip, S., Munier, M. L., Kaufmann, D. E., Suzuki, K., Brereton, C., Sasson, S. C., Seddiki, N., Koelsch, K., Landay, A., Grey, P., Finlayson, R., Kaldor, J., Rosenberg, E. S., Walker, B. D., Fazekas de St. Groth, B., Cooper, D. A., Kelleher, A. D., on Behalf of the PHAEDRA Study Team, (2006). Infection of CD127+ (Interleukin-7 Receptor+) CD4+ Cells and Overexpression of CTLA-4 Are Linked to Loss of Antigen-Specific CD4 T Cells during Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection.. J. Virol. 80: 10162-10172 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dorfman, T., Moore, M. J., Guth, A. C., Choe, H., Farzan, M. (2006). A Tyrosine-sulfated Peptide Derived from the Heavy-chain CDR3 Region of an HIV-1-neutralizing Antibody Binds gp120 and Inhibits HIV-1 Infection. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 28529-28535 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Song, R. J., Chenine, A.-L., Rasmussen, R. A., Ruprecht, C. R., Mirshahidi, S., Grisson, R. D., Xu, W., Whitney, J. B., Goins, L. M., Ong, H., Li, P.-L., Shai-Kobiler, E., Wang, T., McCann, C. M., Zhang, H., Wood, C., Kankasa, C., Secor, W. E., McClure, H. M., Strobert, E., Else, J. G., Ruprecht, R. M. (2006). Molecularly Cloned SHIV-1157ipd3N4: a Highly Replication- Competent, Mucosally Transmissible R5 Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Encoding HIV Clade C env.. J. Virol. 80: 8729-8738 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lederman, M. M., Penn-Nicholson, A., Cho, M., Mosier, D. (2006). Biology of CCR5 and its role in HIV infection and treatment.. JAMA 296: 815-826 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Mendoza, R., Anderson, M. M., Overbaugh, J. (2006). A putative thiamine transport protein is a receptor for feline leukemia virus subgroup a.. J. Virol. 80: 3378-3385 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Willett, B. J., McMonagle, E. L., Ridha, S., Hosie, M. J. (2006). Differential Utilization of CD134 as a Functional Receptor by Diverse Strains of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus.. J. Virol. 80: 3386-3394 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cutler, C.W., Jotwani, R. (2006). Oral Mucosal Expression of HIV-1 Receptors, Co-receptors, and {alpha}-defensins: Tableau of Resistance or Susceptibility to HIV Infection?. ADR 19: 49-51 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Clevestig, P., Pramanik, L., Leitner, T., Ehrnst, A. (2006). CCR5 use by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is associated closely with the gp120 V3 loop N-linked glycosylation site.. J. Gen. Virol. 87: 607-612 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Marchant, D., Neil, S. J. D., McKnight, A. (2006). Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 have different replication kinetics in human primary macrophage culture. J. Gen. Virol. 87: 411-418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pastore, C., Nedellec, R., Ramos, A., Pontow, S., Ratner, L., Mosier, D. E. (2006). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Switching: V1/V2 Gain-of-Fitness Mutations Compensate for V3 Loss-of-Fitness Mutations. J. Virol. 80: 750-758 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ribeiro, R. M., Hazenberg, M. D., Perelson, A. S., Davenport, M. P. (2006). Naive and Memory Cell Turnover as Drivers of CCR5-to-CXCR4 Tropism Switch in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Implications for Therapy. J. Virol. 80: 802-809 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Montano, M., Rarick, M., Sebastiani, P., Brinkmann, P., Skefos, J., Ericksen, R. (2006). HIV-1 burden influences host response to co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vitro. Int Immunol 18: 125-137 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Shi, Y., Brandin, E., Vincic, E., Jansson, M., Blaxhult, A., Gyllensten, K., Moberg, L., Brostrom, C., Fenyo, E. M., Albert, J. (2005). Evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 coreceptor usage, autologous neutralization, envelope sequence and glycosylation. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 3385-3396 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chang, M. I., Panorchan, P., Dobrowsky, T. M., Tseng, Y., Wirtz, D. (2005). Single-Molecule Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120-Receptor Interactions in Living Cells. J. Virol. 79: 14748-14755 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Baba, M., Takashima, K., Miyake, H., Kanzaki, N., Teshima, K., Wang, X., Shiraishi, M., Iizawa, Y. (2005). TAK-652 Inhibits CCR5-Mediated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection In Vitro and Has Favorable Pharmacokinetics in Humans. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 4584-4591 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nakayama, D., Misumi, S., Mukai, R., Tachibana, K., Umeda, M., Shibata, H., Takamune, N., Shoji, S. (2005). Suppression of Multiclade R5 and X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Infections by a Coreceptor-Based Anti-HIV Strategy. J Biochem 138: 571-582 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Repits, J., Oberg, M., Esbjornsson, J., Medstrand, P., Karlsson, A., Albert, J., Fenyo, E. M., Jansson, M. (2005). Selection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 R5 variants with augmented replicative capacity and reduced sensitivity to entry inhibitors during severe immunodeficiency. J. Gen. Virol. 86: 2859-2869 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Skrabal, K., Saragosti, S., Labernardiere, J.-L., Barin, F., Clavel, F., Mammano, F. (2005). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants Isolated from Single Plasma Samples Display a Wide Spectrum of Neutralization Sensitivity. J. Virol. 79: 11848-11857 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karlsson, I., Grivel, J.-C., Chen, S. S., Karlsson, A., Albert, J., Fenyo, E. M., Margolis, L. B. (2005). Differential Pathogenesis of Primary CCR5-Using Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates in Ex Vivo Human Lymphoid Tissue. J. Virol. 79: 11151-11160 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Takashima, K., Miyake, H., Kanzaki, N., Tagawa, Y., Wang, X., Sugihara, Y., Iizawa, Y., Baba, M. (2005). Highly Potent Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by TAK-220, an Orally Bioavailable Small-Molecule CCR5 Antagonist. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49: 3474-3482 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Joos, B., Trkola, A., Fischer, M., Kuster, H., Rusert, P., Leemann, C., Boni, J., Oxenius, A., Price, D. A., Phillips, R. E., Wong, J. K., Hirschel, B., Weber, R., Gunthard, H. F., the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, (2005). Low Human Immunodeficiency Virus Envelope Diversity Correlates with Low In Vitro Replication Capacity and Predicts Spontaneous Control of Plasma Viremia after Treatment Interruptions. J. Virol. 79: 9026-9037 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lusso, P., Earl, P. L., Sironi, F., Santoro, F., Ripamonti, C., Scarlatti, G., Longhi, R., Berger, E. A., Burastero, S. E. (2005). Cryptic Nature of a Conserved, CD4-Inducible V3 Loop Neutralization Epitope in the Native Envelope Glycoprotein Oligomer of CCR5-Restricted, but Not CXCR4-Using, Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Strains. J. Virol. 79: 6957-6968 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Platt, E. J., Durnin, J. P., Kabat, D. (2005). Kinetic Factors Control Efficiencies of Cell Entry, Efficacies of Entry Inhibitors, and Mechanisms of Adaptation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. J. Virol. 79: 4347-4356 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Platt, E. J., Shea, D. M., Rose, P. P., Kabat, D. (2005). Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 That Efficiently Use CCR5 Lacking the Tyrosine-Sulfated Amino Terminus Have Adaptive Mutations in gp120, Including Loss of a Functional N-Glycan. J. Virol. 79: 4357-4368 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yi, Y., Shaheen, F., Collman, R. G. (2005). Preferential Use of CXCR4 by R5X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates for Infection of Primary Lymphocytes. J. Virol. 79: 1480-1486 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Blaak, H., Boers, P. H. M., Gruters, R. A., Schuitemaker, H., van der Ende, M. E., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E. (2005). CCR5, GPR15, and CXCR6 Are Major Coreceptors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Variants Isolated from Individuals with and without Plasma Viremia. J. Virol. 79: 1686-1700 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Carnec, X., Quan, L., Olson, W. C., Hazan, U., Dragic, T. (2005). Anti-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibodies Recognizing Overlapping Epitopes Differ Significantly in Their Ability To Inhibit Entry of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J. Virol. 79: 1930-1933 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Gao, F., Weaver, E. A., Lu, Z., Li, Y., Liao, H.-X., Ma, B., Alam, S. M., Scearce, R. M., Sutherland, L. L., Yu, J.-S., Decker, J. M., Shaw, G. M., Montefiori, D. C., Korber, B. T., Hahn, B. H., Haynes, B. F. (2005). Antigenicity and Immunogenicity of a Synthetic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Group M Consensus Envelope Glycoprotein. J. Virol. 79: 1154-1163 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Choudhary, S. K., Choudhary, N. R., Kimbrell, K. C., Colasanti, J., Ziogas, A., Kwa, D., Schuitemaker, H., Camerini, D. (2005). R5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Fetal Thymic Organ Culture Induces Cytokine and CCR5 Expression. J. Virol. 79: 458-471 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Popov, S., Chenine, A.-L., Gruber, A., Li, P.-L., Ruprecht, R. M. (2005). Long-Term Productive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of CD1a-Sorted Myeloid Dendritic Cells. J. Virol. 79: 602-608 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Balabanian, K., Harriague, J., Decrion, C., Lagane, B., Shorte, S., Baleux, F., Virelizier, J.-L., Arenzana-Seisdedos, F., Chakrabarti, L. A. (2004). CXCR4-Tropic HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Functions as a Viral Chemokine in Unstimulated Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 173: 7150-7160 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Princen, K., Hatse, S., Vermeire, K., Aquaro, S., De Clercq, E., Gerlach, L.-O., Rosenkilde, M., Schwartz, T. W., Skerlj, R., Bridger, G., Schols, D. (2004). Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication by a Dual CCR5/CXCR4 Antagonist. J. Virol. 78: 12996-13006 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Karlsson, I., Antonsson, L., Shi, Y., Oberg, M., Karlsson, A., Albert, J., Olde, B., Owman, C., Jansson, M., Fenyo, E. M. (2004). Coevolution of RANTES Sensitivity and Mode of CCR5 Receptor Use by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 of the R5 Phenotype. J. Virol. 78: 11807-11815 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Owen, A., Chandler, B., Bray, P. G., Ward, S. A., Hart, C. A., Back, D. J., Khoo, S. H. (2004). Functional Correlation of P-Glycoprotein Expression and Genotype with Expression of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor CXCR4. J. Virol. 78: 12022-12029 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kitchen, C. M. R., Philpott, S., Burger, H., Weiser, B., Anastos, K., Suchard, M. A. (2004). Evolution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Usage during Antiretroviral Therapy: a Bayesian Approach. J. Virol. 78: 11296-11302 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Schweighardt, B., Roy, A.-M., Meiklejohn, D. A., Grace, E. J. II, Moretto, W. J., Heymann, J. J., Nixon, D. F. (2004). R5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Replicates More Efficiently in Primary CD4+ T-Cell Cultures Than X4 HIV-1. J. Virol. 78: 9164-9173 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Nishimura, Y., Igarashi, T., Donau, O. K., Buckler-White, A., Buckler, C., Lafont, B. A. P., Goeken, R. M., Goldstein, S., Hirsch, V. M., Martin, M. A. (2004). Highly pathogenic SHIVs and SIVs target different CD4+ T cell subsets in rhesus monkeys, explaining their divergent clinical courses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 12324-12329 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kenakin, T. (2004). Allosteric Modulators: The New Generation of Receptor Antagonist. Mol. Interv. 4: 222-229 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pastore, C., Ramos, A., Mosier, D. E. (2004). Intrinsic Obstacles to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Switching. J. Virol. 78: 7565-7574 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Brainard, D. M., Tharp, W. G., Granado, E., Miller, N., Trocha, A. K., Ren, X.-H., Conrad, B., Terwilliger, E. F., Wyatt, R., Walker, B. D., Poznansky, M. C. (2004). Migration of Antigen-Specific T Cells Away from CXCR4-Binding Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120. J. Virol. 78: 5184-5193 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Reeves, J. D., Miamidian, J. L., Biscone, M. J., Lee, F.-H., Ahmad, N., Pierson, T. C., Doms, R. W. (2004). Impact of Mutations in the Coreceptor Binding Site on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Fusion, Infection, and Entry Inhibitor Sensitivity. J. Virol. 78: 5476-5485 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hoshino, Y., Tse, D. B., Rochford, G., Prabhakar, S., Hoshino, S., Chitkara, N., Kuwabara, K., Ching, E., Raju, B., Gold, J. A., Borkowsky, W., Rom, W. N., Pine, R., Weiden, M. (2004). Mycobacterium tuberculosis-Induced CXCR4 and Chemokine Expression Leads to Preferential X4 HIV-1 Replication in Human Macrophages. J. Immunol. 172: 6251-6258 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Stalmeijer, E. H. B., van Rij, R. P., Boeser-Nunnink, B., Visser, J. A., Naarding, M. A., Schols, D., Schuitemaker, H. (2004). In Vivo Evolution of X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants in the Natural Course of Infection Coincides with Decreasing Sensitivity to CXCR4 Antagonists. J. Virol. 78: 2722-2728 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kuhmann, S. E., Pugach, P., Kunstman, K. J., Taylor, J., Stanfield, R. L., Snyder, A., Strizki, J. M., Riley, J., Baroudy, B. M., Wilson, I. A., Korber, B. T., Wolinsky, S. M., Moore, J. P. (2004). Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Escape from a Small-Molecule CCR5 Inhibitor. J. Virol. 78: 2790-2807 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Pollakis, G., Abebe, A., Kliphuis, A., Chalaby, M. I. M., Bakker, M., Mengistu, Y., Brouwer, M., Goudsmit, J., Schuitemaker, H., Paxton, W. A. (2004). Phenotypic and Genotypic Comparisons of CCR5- and CXCR4-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Biological Clones Isolated from Subtype C-Infected Individuals. J. Virol. 78: 2841-2852 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Audige, A., Schlaepfer, E., Bonanomi, A., Joller, H., Knuchel, M. C., Weber, M., Nadal, D., Speck, R. F. (2004). HIV-1 Does Not Provoke Alteration of Cytokine Gene Expression in Lymphoid Tissue after Acute Infection Ex Vivo. J. Immunol. 172: 2687-2696 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jacobson, J. M., Israel, R. J., Lowy, I., Ostrow, N. A., Vassilatos, L. S., Barish, M., Tran, D. N. H., Sullivan, B. M., Ketas, T. J., O'Neill, T. J., Nagashima, K. A., Huang, W., Petropoulos, C. J., Moore, J. P., Maddon, P. J., Olson, W. C. (2004). Treatment of Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Disease with the Viral Entry Inhibitor PRO 542. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 48: 423-429 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Igarashi, T., Donau, O. K., Imamichi, H., Dumaurier, M.-J., Sadjadpour, R., Plishka, R. J., Buckler-White, A., Buckler, C., Suffredini, A. F., Lane, H. C., Moore, J. P., Martin, M. A. (2003). Macrophage-Tropic Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Chimeras Use CXCR4, Not CCR5, for Infections of Rhesus Macaque Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Alveolar Macrophages. J. Virol. 77: 13042-13052 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Trkola, A., Kuster, H., Leemann, C., Ruprecht, C., Joos, B., Telenti, A., Hirschel, B., Weber, R., Bonhoeffer, S., Gunthard, H. F. (2003). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Fitness Is a Determining Factor in Viral Rebound and Set Point in Chronic Infection. J. Virol. 77: 13146-13155 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Vogel, T. U., Reynolds, M. R., Fuller, D. H., Vielhuber, K., Shipley, T., Fuller, J. T., Kunstman, K. J., Sutter, G., Marthas, M. L., Erfle, V., Wolinsky, S. M., Wang, C., Allison, D. B., Rud, E. W., Wilson, N., Montefiori, D., Altman, J. D., Watkins, D. I. (2003). Multispecific Vaccine-Induced Mucosal Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Reduce Acute-Phase Viral Replication but Fail in Long-Term Control of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239. J. Virol. 77: 13348-13360 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jensen, M. A., Li, F.-S., van 't Wout, A. B., Nickle, D. C., Shriner, D., He, H.-X., McLaughlin, S., Shankarappa, R., Margolick, J. B., Mullins, J. I. (2003). Improved Coreceptor Usage Prediction and Genotypic Monitoring of R5-to-X4 Transition by Motif Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 env V3 Loop Sequences. J. Virol. 77: 13376-13388 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Yi, Y., Singh, A., Shaheen, F., Louden, A., Lee, C., Collman, R. G. (2003). Contrasting Use of CCR5 Structural Determinants by R5 and R5X4 Variants within a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Primary Isolate Quasispecies. J. Virol. 77: 12057-12066 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Campbell, T. B., Schneider, K., Wrin, T., Petropoulos, C. J., Connick, E. (2003). Relationship between In Vitro Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication Rate and Virus Load in Plasma. J. Virol. 77: 12105-12112 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kunstman, K. J., Puffer, B., Korber, B. T., Kuiken, C., Smith, U. R., Kunstman, J., Stanton, J., Agy, M., Shibata, R., Yoder, A. D., Pillai, S., Doms, R. W., Marx, P., Wolinsky, S. M. (2003). Structure and Function of CC-Chemokine Receptor 5 Homologues Derived from Representative Primate Species and Subspecies of the Taxonomic Suborders Prosimii and Anthropoidea. J. Virol. 77: 12310-12318 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Goodenow, M. M., Rose, S. L., Tuttle, D. L., Sleasman, J. W. (2003). HIV-1 fitness and macrophages. J. Leukoc. Biol. 74: 657-666 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chang, T. L.-Y., Chang, C.-H., Simpson, D. A., Xu, Q., Martin, P. K., Lagenaur, L. A., Schoolnik, G. K., Ho, D. D., Hillier, S. L., Holodniy, M., Lewicki, J. A., Lee, P. P. (2003). Inhibition of HIV infectivity by a natural human isolate of Lactobacillus jensenii engineered to express functional two-domain CD4. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 11672-11677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Harouse, J. M., Buckner, C., Gettie, A., Fuller, R., Bohm, R., Blanchard, J., Cheng-Mayer, C. (2003). CD8+ T cell-mediated CXC chemokine receptor 4-simian/human immunodeficiency virus suppression in dually infected rhesus macaques. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 10977-10982 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Roscic-Mrkic, B., Fischer, M., Leemann, C., Manrique, A., Gordon, C. J., Moore, J. P., Proudfoot, A. E. I., Trkola, A. (2003). RANTES (CCL5) uses the proteoglycan CD44 as an auxiliary receptor to mediate cellular activation signals and HIV-1 enhancement. Blood 102: 1169-1177 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Chang, T. L.-Y., Francois, F., Mosoian, A., Klotman, M. E. (2003). CAF-Mediated Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Transcriptional Inhibition Is Distinct from {alpha}-Defensin-1 HIV Inhibition. J. Virol. 77: 6777-6784 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Willey, S. J., Reeves, J. D., Hudson, R., Miyake, K., Dejucq, N., Schols, D., Clercq, E. D., Bell, J., McKnight, A., Clapham, P. R. (2003). Identification of a Subset of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains Able To Exploit an Alternative Coreceptor on Untransformed Human Brain and Lymphoid Cells. J. Virol. 77: 6138-6152 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Dehghani, H., Puffer, B. A., Doms, R. W., Hirsch, V. M. (2003). Unique Pattern of Convergent Envelope Evolution in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rapid Progressor Macaques: Association with CD4-Independent Usage of CCR5. J. Virol. 77: 6405-6418 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Jekle, A., Keppler, O. T., De Clercq, E., Schols, D., Weinstein, M., Goldsmith, M. A. (2003). In Vivo Evolution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 toward Increased Pathogenicity through CXCR4-Mediated Killing of Uninfected CD4 T Cells. J. Virol. 77: 5846-5854 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ito, Y., Grivel, J.-C., Margolis, L. (2003). Real-Time PCR Assay of Individual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants in Coinfected Human Lymphoid Tissues. J. Clin. Microbiol. 41: 2126-2131 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Cilliers, T., Nhlapo, J., Coetzer, M., Orlovic, D., Ketas, T., Olson, W. C., Moore, J. P., Trkola, A., Morris, L. (2003). The CCR5 and CXCR4 Coreceptors Are Both Used by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Primary Isolates from Subtype C. J. Virol. 77: 4449-4456 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Kumar, S., Kwei, G. Y., Poon, G. K., Iliff, S. A., Wang, Y., Chen, Q., Franklin, R. B., Didolkar, V., Wang, R. W., Yamazaki, M., Chiu, S.-H. L., Lin, J. H., Pearson, P. G., Baillie, T. A. (2003). Pharmacokinetics and Interactions of a Novel Antagonist of Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) with Ritonavir in Rats and Monkeys: Role of CYP3A and P-Glycoprotein. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 304: 1161-1171 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Ketas, T. J., Frank, I., Klasse, P. J., Sullivan, B. M., Gardner, J. P., Spenlehauer, C., Nesin, M., Olson, W. C., Moore, J. P., Pope, M. (2003). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Attachment, Coreceptor, and Fusion Inhibitors Are Active against both Direct and trans Infection of Primary Cells. J. Virol. 77: 2762-2767 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Lin, G., Baribaud, F., Romano, J., Doms, R. W., Hoxie, J. A. (2002). Identification of gp120 Binding Sites on CXCR4 by Using CD4-Independent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Env Proteins. J. Virol. 77: 931-942 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
• Hsu, M., Harouse, J. M., Gettie, A., Buckner, C., Blanchard, J., Cheng-Mayer, C. (2002). Increased Mucosal Transmission but Not Enhanced Pathogenicity of the CCR5-Tropic, Simian AIDS-Inducing Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIVSF162P3 Maps to Envelope gp120. J. Virol. 77: 989-998 [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Home | Help | Feedback | Subscriptions | Archive | Search

TABLE OF CONTENTS