Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol 144, 627-643, Copyright © 1976 by Rockefeller University Press
The mediator of cellular immunity. XII. Inhibition of activated T cells by Newcastle disease virus
DD McGregor, PS Logie and LE Carmichael
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can interact in at least two ways with rat T
cells. By adsorbing to circulating lymphocytes, the virus can transiently
deflect the cells from lymph nodes and inflammatory exudates induced in the
peritoneal cavity. T cells are affected regardless of age, state of
activation, or position in the mitotic cycle. The effect is reversible and
is mediated not only by infectious (I)-NDV, but also by UV-NDV which cannot
achieve a complete replication cycle in eggs. But I-NDV has another lasting
effect on activated T cells. It is revealed in the failure of virus-treated
thoracic duct lymphocytes to transfer cellular resistance to Listeria
monocytogenes, delayed-type hypersensitivity to soluble antigens of the
parasite, and the permanent exclusion of labeled S-phase lymphocytes from
inflammatory foci. Activated T cells are inhibited by virus multiplicites
which have little if any effect upon the proliferative potential of
antigen-sensitive T cells or localization of labeled small lymphocytes in
lymph nodes. The underlying mechanism has not been determined; however,
there are reasons for thinking that NDV has a lethal effect upon activated
T cells, because the latter are permissive for virus replication.
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