SPECIFIC CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGENS OF THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

doi:10.1084/jem.122.3.467

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ARTICLE

SPECIFIC CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGENS OF THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Phil Gold M.D.¹ and Samuel O. Freedman M.D.¹

¹ From the McGill University Medical Clinic, Montreal General Hospital, and the Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

A wide variety of human adult and fetal tissues were studiedby immune-diffusion techniques in agar gel to determine whetherthey contained the tumor-specific antigen(s) previously foundin coionic cancers. In the adult tissues it was demonstratedthat identical antigens were present in all tested specimensof malignant tumors of the entodermally derived epithelium ofthe gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, but were absent fromall other tested adult tissues. The common antigenic constituents,therefore, represent system-specific cancer antigens of thehuman digestive system. System-specific cancer antigens havenot previously been demonstrated in humans.

Experiments withfetal tissues demonstrated that identical antigens were alsopresent in fetal gut, liver, and pancreas between 2 and 6 monthsof gestation. These components were named "carcinoembryonic"antigens of the human digestive system. On the basis of thepresent findings and the recent work regarding control of theexpression of genetic potentialities in various types of cells,it was concluded that the carcinoembryonic antigens representcellular constituents which are repressed during the courseof differentiation of the normal digestive system epitheliumand reappear in the corresponding malignant cells by a processof derepressive-dedifferentiation.

Submitted on April 29, 1965

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